Note the big red pen out of laps, followed by a large number of Links and comments, and has always been a serious and precise image of the show's central newspaper title to see such a fashion, we exclaimed: Power! from the . This reporter has learned, the word first appeared in Japan, funny animation, Cattle, this expression: ;
at 9 am, there are users pleasantly surprised at this discovery, and the front page of screenshots posted to a Web microblogging in thick red pen to circle the square accompanied by a very serious comment: Network hot words spread, as of last night, posting the amount of up to 1300, more comments on various websites, for the expression, the people will sincerely read. as the party newspaper, concerned about the network, use network terms, a move seen as the tide.
link
found that public opinion, necessary to work as a daily homework, the online public opinion as the work of the first signal, will be able to use the network, whether that public opinion, can respond to public opinion as a measure of work is an important criterion for competence. Committee: Four major factors contributed to the current soaring prices Churchill College, Cambridge, naked male to the female president of a romance on the spot refused Important: guard against fake winning information, click Details on the new line of warm parenting blog in China Development and Reform Commission : Four major factors contributed to the current soaring prices Churchill College, Cambridge, naked male to the female president of a romance on the spot refused Sina BLOG feedback message board About Sina SINA English
Tuesday, January 4, 2011
Monday, January 3, 2011
Car drivers and pedestrians to walk
Rapid changes in today's society, some pedestrians transformed into drivers, some drivers become pedestrians laid-off unemployed.
Pedestrians not become a driver before, there is a major feature is the driver of the was crossing the road or in traffic through, have one hundred percent sure sure : Even in the face from the speeding car, also cross the road, will be watching, even if no cars, will quickly crossed the road. because he knew that the steel monster car that moves itself, not to be trusted, which drive it is even more untrustworthy people, he will follow God He will not bother to step foot brake, he may feel bad was going to vent hh
harmonious traffic, the driver turned into a pedestrian first to understand the characteristics of pedestrians, to . Secondly, we all would like to become a driver from the pedestrians. again become pedestrians to a more understanding of the car on the driver's understanding of hh may reduce the number of traffic accidents.
Pedestrians not become a driver before, there is a major feature is the driver of the was crossing the road or in traffic through, have one hundred percent sure sure : Even in the face from the speeding car, also cross the road, will be watching, even if no cars, will quickly crossed the road. because he knew that the steel monster car that moves itself, not to be trusted, which drive it is even more untrustworthy people, he will follow God He will not bother to step foot brake, he may feel bad was going to vent hh
harmonious traffic, the driver turned into a pedestrian first to understand the characteristics of pedestrians, to . Secondly, we all would like to become a driver from the pedestrians. again become pedestrians to a more understanding of the car on the driver's understanding of hh may reduce the number of traffic accidents.
Wednesday, December 29, 2010
Nanshan, Carpenter only, Jingxi
Tombstone looked like forest lined up vertical and horizontal, diffuse into the square to the mountain, while my heart can not help but tremble. That year, the martyrs are so to battle out the array it? Health is a member of the queue, dies Soul team?! they are flesh and blood, they are also the son of man, who's husband, the father of man, so out with the team they are generous die, they can also rest, so out with the team soul? chosen their motherland, the nation chose them, or they chose the country, selected the nation? small home in front of the righteous cause became the miss, became the Mazhan Fu hero, and finally shouted the ? He can not forget the assault shortly before the mother's letter: mutton. your father raised eight sheep to wait for you ... ... , father's ambition to combat the more bandits, border security, defending the motherland and devotion. Mahon reported that family members of martyrs in the suicide note left said: I am the dignity of the motherland, the people's interests, the four modernizations and dedication, I am glorious, happy and proud! ... ...
I read a poem by Wang Wei Colonel: tears / I do not know do not orbital in the overflowing sense / pace for heavy / and lined up the souls of the gaze / solemn reverence / pale all the language / twilight / mountains head / vertical martyrs tomb / heart in grief in the tremor.
they die singing, but mostly told in his testament brothers and sisters, to be respectful, to live in the family. are mostly in the break and he could not but deeply regret filial . But I also know that the mother of martyrs because of Zhao Zhanying no toll, 20 years later, it came to funding the departments concerned the son of the grave. watched the old video ask monument crying, Iron Man will be tears! It is also thought The mother, I respectfully followed behind Colonel Wang, Yueyang membership to the 58 martyrs of each on the three incense, the tomb of the martyr in tears every sentence uttered from the heart but the words of Tai Su: We represent your loved ones, on behalf of people of his hometown to see you! other words, we can not say in front of the martyrs, we can only put words to this extent!
cents from the court down hill, we went straight to the town of Jingxi County Jing Wan Tuen Kawamura pitch. where The walk is the last leg of the frontier: Jingxi Martyrs.
Nanshan, Carpenter only, Jingxi
--- Perimeter line of four
said Jingxi Martyrs border of Guangxi and Vietnam is the largest section of the martyrs cemetery. the 1089 martyrs buried here, in which the more self-defense war martyrs have 1040.
Libi, Senior Colonel Wang separately to look for his comrades. He said, His membership of the martyrs to give respect for each Yueyang three incense, bow three bow. Yueyang Wang colonel for five years Military commander. He said this after he retired the first thing to do. The take border, a battle for the pay tribute to the past, two old comrades in arms to see, more importantly, on behalf of the relatives of martyrs to give them should not be forgotten grave of the heroes. In fact, two years ago, when the Ching Ming The first is a small statutory holiday for the holidays, Senior Colonel Wang Wei came here once. However, he said, that I was commander of the obligation to look at these martyrs who sacrificed their lives for their country. This time, I was ordinary people, I've come to visit my relatives.
MSN Spaces perfect move to the Sina blog!
that he salute the martyrs is the line.
I look through years of birth and death of the martyrs of them are my peers. they're dead, I'm still alive. I'm living life, should also belong to them ... ...
Pingxiang Pingxiang Nanshan Martyrs to the Friendship Gate at the road side, where the buried self-defense against Vietnam War soldier and militia 594 , in which Hunan Province alone, there are 92. in my imagination, Senior Colonel Wang Wei and his comrades into the cemetery, should be lined up in rows solemn salute. but no. wearing uniforms Colonel Wang were in the cemetery before the statue a good incense burning, the lined up, bowed respectfully three bow.
< p> Senior Colonel Wang Wei's poem from the inside, I not only read out the memory of his comrades, but also those located in the martyrs cemetery on the Vietnam border, with a general impression. But I went into Pingxiang Nanshan Martyrs cemetery, first of all see is a flock of sheep. This is a group of black goats. The herd of sheep is a leisurely way through the cemetery of martyrs. do not see the shepherd. sheep neck ring, heavy, but to guide the flock to free the line loose. mausoleum on the grass slope behind the green, where sheep may be the destination. is the discharge of firecrackers alerted the herd, and that the sound of firecrackers, such as guns is to tell the martyrs Here we come, but startled sheep fleeing.
< p> Carpenter Martyrs only feng shui is said to be the best place to Pingxiang City. There is only one kilometer away from Pingxiang city, surrounded by mountains, pine garden, quiet environment. we arrived here in the evening. one into the cemetery , my eyes would be the middle of that cemetery Square statue statue Rong side attracted soldiers. That tall sturdy body, that thick black bushy Jian Mei, watchful eyes of deep, well that Jin Min a clear outline of the lips, not what I'm Nanshan Martyrs imaginary martyrs of high Meng strong image? although I have not seen the high-fierce intensity, but high-Meng high tombstone, I know he is in Yueyang County Gan Tin Li Duan village. High fierce intensity and I is not only a fellow, And one of my uncle is the Li Duan village, but also named high. child I used to go play Li Duan, I know from the tombstone of high Meng Qiang was born in 1956, and I am a peer, perhaps what a child we played together game, or did the same with any I saw my heart alive with high Meng strong. This high Meng strong, I definitely know him, all Yueyang, no, the whole of Hunan, the entire Chinese people must know him!
the end of the wind from the Yu Ping, ask over Beilin, play in the trees, it is thoughts of their loved ones home from the bottom, or the soul of the martyrs but also in the cemetery? I firmly believe that the person has died, the soul is still alive! I also firmly believe that martyrs who sacrificed their lives for their country, and haunting native land , they will go back. They that live in the soul of every day back to the family reunion around, but their physical life here has become the end.
Nanshan, Carpenter only, Jingxi we pay tribute to the walk-off three border Martyrs Cemetery. to self-defense against Vietnam war martyrs who sacrificed grave, is our custom in this walk an important part of the frontier.
this time, his family line is the civilian ceremony.
sun is hidden into the sun, can be emitted from the cove in the beam of light, shining in the call, do not flow out, brother! can not let you bleed, your blood has dyed the pillar on which departments and regions of the country solemn name and number! that tears can not flow, after sunset moon Seiki will tell you will not forget your loved ones, the state will not forget you, history will not forget you!
I read a poem by Wang Wei Colonel: tears / I do not know do not orbital in the overflowing sense / pace for heavy / and lined up the souls of the gaze / solemn reverence / pale all the language / twilight / mountains head / vertical martyrs tomb / heart in grief in the tremor.
they die singing, but mostly told in his testament brothers and sisters, to be respectful, to live in the family. are mostly in the break and he could not but deeply regret filial . But I also know that the mother of martyrs because of Zhao Zhanying no toll, 20 years later, it came to funding the departments concerned the son of the grave. watched the old video ask monument crying, Iron Man will be tears! It is also thought The mother, I respectfully followed behind Colonel Wang, Yueyang membership to the 58 martyrs of each on the three incense, the tomb of the martyr in tears every sentence uttered from the heart but the words of Tai Su: We represent your loved ones, on behalf of people of his hometown to see you! other words, we can not say in front of the martyrs, we can only put words to this extent!
cents from the court down hill, we went straight to the town of Jingxi County Jing Wan Tuen Kawamura pitch. where The walk is the last leg of the frontier: Jingxi Martyrs.
Nanshan, Carpenter only, Jingxi
--- Perimeter line of four
said Jingxi Martyrs border of Guangxi and Vietnam is the largest section of the martyrs cemetery. the 1089 martyrs buried here, in which the more self-defense war martyrs have 1040.
Libi, Senior Colonel Wang separately to look for his comrades. He said, His membership of the martyrs to give respect for each Yueyang three incense, bow three bow. Yueyang Wang colonel for five years Military commander. He said this after he retired the first thing to do. The take border, a battle for the pay tribute to the past, two old comrades in arms to see, more importantly, on behalf of the relatives of martyrs to give them should not be forgotten grave of the heroes. In fact, two years ago, when the Ching Ming The first is a small statutory holiday for the holidays, Senior Colonel Wang Wei came here once. However, he said, that I was commander of the obligation to look at these martyrs who sacrificed their lives for their country. This time, I was ordinary people, I've come to visit my relatives.
MSN Spaces perfect move to the Sina blog!
that he salute the martyrs is the line.
I look through years of birth and death of the martyrs of them are my peers. they're dead, I'm still alive. I'm living life, should also belong to them ... ...
Pingxiang Pingxiang Nanshan Martyrs to the Friendship Gate at the road side, where the buried self-defense against Vietnam War soldier and militia 594 , in which Hunan Province alone, there are 92. in my imagination, Senior Colonel Wang Wei and his comrades into the cemetery, should be lined up in rows solemn salute. but no. wearing uniforms Colonel Wang were in the cemetery before the statue a good incense burning, the lined up, bowed respectfully three bow.
< p> Senior Colonel Wang Wei's poem from the inside, I not only read out the memory of his comrades, but also those located in the martyrs cemetery on the Vietnam border, with a general impression. But I went into Pingxiang Nanshan Martyrs cemetery, first of all see is a flock of sheep. This is a group of black goats. The herd of sheep is a leisurely way through the cemetery of martyrs. do not see the shepherd. sheep neck ring, heavy, but to guide the flock to free the line loose. mausoleum on the grass slope behind the green, where sheep may be the destination. is the discharge of firecrackers alerted the herd, and that the sound of firecrackers, such as guns is to tell the martyrs Here we come, but startled sheep fleeing.
< p> Carpenter Martyrs only feng shui is said to be the best place to Pingxiang City. There is only one kilometer away from Pingxiang city, surrounded by mountains, pine garden, quiet environment. we arrived here in the evening. one into the cemetery , my eyes would be the middle of that cemetery Square statue statue Rong side attracted soldiers. That tall sturdy body, that thick black bushy Jian Mei, watchful eyes of deep, well that Jin Min a clear outline of the lips, not what I'm Nanshan Martyrs imaginary martyrs of high Meng strong image? although I have not seen the high-fierce intensity, but high-Meng high tombstone, I know he is in Yueyang County Gan Tin Li Duan village. High fierce intensity and I is not only a fellow, And one of my uncle is the Li Duan village, but also named high. child I used to go play Li Duan, I know from the tombstone of high Meng Qiang was born in 1956, and I am a peer, perhaps what a child we played together game, or did the same with any I saw my heart alive with high Meng strong. This high Meng strong, I definitely know him, all Yueyang, no, the whole of Hunan, the entire Chinese people must know him!
the end of the wind from the Yu Ping, ask over Beilin, play in the trees, it is thoughts of their loved ones home from the bottom, or the soul of the martyrs but also in the cemetery? I firmly believe that the person has died, the soul is still alive! I also firmly believe that martyrs who sacrificed their lives for their country, and haunting native land , they will go back. They that live in the soul of every day back to the family reunion around, but their physical life here has become the end.
Nanshan, Carpenter only, Jingxi we pay tribute to the walk-off three border Martyrs Cemetery. to self-defense against Vietnam war martyrs who sacrificed grave, is our custom in this walk an important part of the frontier.
this time, his family line is the civilian ceremony.
sun is hidden into the sun, can be emitted from the cove in the beam of light, shining in the call, do not flow out, brother! can not let you bleed, your blood has dyed the pillar on which departments and regions of the country solemn name and number! that tears can not flow, after sunset moon Seiki will tell you will not forget your loved ones, the state will not forget you, history will not forget you!
Tuesday, December 28, 2010
Cherish and injury
All the world can not force things, but also to appreciate and cherish their side, and those few with their genuine mutual love between people.
Reason there are so strongly the feeling, because in reality, we often injuries are always people around.
do not know how to cherish edge, we hurt and we talked about the situation have said that lovers of love.
do not know how to understand, and we hurt and we are just a different concept of the parents.
do not know how to be patient, we hurt our brothers and sisters grew up together.
do not know how to care, we have Taoxintaofei friends hurt.
do not know how to collaborate, we expect the same outstanding harm colleagues and opponents ... ...
fact think it is necessary to you?
place associated with you in this world, that is, to count the number of so few people go there is a need for fame, self-esteem, glory, vanity, pique, away they actually hurt you?
If the lovers to break up, think of a reason not to harm.
If the family disputes, there are some mildly words.
if and siblings quarrel, after up reconciliation.
odds if and friends, to find a way to mediate.
colleagues and competitors if, strictly abide by the rules of the game ......< br> each person's life is too short, too late to short people sorry. So, do not do will make things they will regret it.
to all the people to be around good natured attitude, your life will be much better, the lives of others will be much simpler.
Reason there are so strongly the feeling, because in reality, we often injuries are always people around.
do not know how to cherish edge, we hurt and we talked about the situation have said that lovers of love.
do not know how to understand, and we hurt and we are just a different concept of the parents.
do not know how to be patient, we hurt our brothers and sisters grew up together.
do not know how to care, we have Taoxintaofei friends hurt.
do not know how to collaborate, we expect the same outstanding harm colleagues and opponents ... ...
fact think it is necessary to you?
place associated with you in this world, that is, to count the number of so few people go there is a need for fame, self-esteem, glory, vanity, pique, away they actually hurt you?
If the lovers to break up, think of a reason not to harm.
If the family disputes, there are some mildly words.
if and siblings quarrel, after up reconciliation.
odds if and friends, to find a way to mediate.
colleagues and competitors if, strictly abide by the rules of the game ......< br> each person's life is too short, too late to short people sorry. So, do not do will make things they will regret it.
to all the people to be around good natured attitude, your life will be much better, the lives of others will be much simpler.
Monday, December 27, 2010
Digital Economy and Information Capitalism - United States Department of Commerce
Digital Economy and Information Capitalism mm U.S. Department of Commerce Introduction of three annual reports
economy: When the Nasdaq composite index more than 5,000 points from the peak down to a callback to the ultra-low 1,500 points, when all of the risks investors , people's evaluation of the digital economy has been engaged in the process. In the past more than two years, the Wall Street investment analysts to advance the people over the next five years the digital economy of the imagination, and at the highest point on the same day the Nasdaq composite index to the lowest point of the test a low, also hinder people evaluate the objectivity of the digital economy. When most people with the Nasdaq falling over on the digital economy, the negative evaluation of support comments, let us look carefully on the number of U.S. Department of Commerce to determine the economic growth and long-term evaluation, may be helpful for.
U.S. Department of Commerce for three consecutive years since 1998, announced the number three on the Economic research report (1998, described the economic performance of industry to the information technology industry on economic growth, inflation, employment and labor market analysis of the impact of emerging e-commerce in the specific description. three years of studies fully confirmed the information technology the great change driven the U.S. economy.
study in 2000, the Ministry of Commerce of the words used in the past introduction to the report claimed, period of economic and social development, which are built on the basis of digital technology innovation. In this new era, creating new ways of working, new contacts, new products and services and new community model.
above this text, can be seen as the U.S. Department of Commerce to make the overall assessment of the digital economy and the main conclusions, which focused on the expression of the controversial U.S. Department of Commerce figures for the economy's basic attitude. The conclusion drawn is not easy, United States Commerce Department analysts who spent more than three years, a great deal of statistical research, analysis, research and demonstration, Xiabi Luo, June 1999, analysis.
comparison since 1998, the U.S. Department of Commerce issued three consecutive annual reports, and related accessories, you can clearly see that the U.S. government on this unprecedented Basic Evaluation of the digital revolution:
- the U.S. economy is undergoing a profound transformation. This most obvious external signs change, but also one of its fundamental causes, is a revolutionary technological advances. It consists of powerful personal computers, high-speed electronic communications, and Internet. in the past 15 years, information technology, innovation, capital market innovation, business model innovation, information technology products and services, prices continued to fall, to increase investment in the industry, is the U.S. has sustained high economic growth, low inflation, high employment, a the main reason.
- the last five years, the Internet exploded in the United States has entered a growth phase. to the Internet as a symbol of large-scale construction of information infrastructure, the phenomenal growth of e-commerce is changing the way corporate management, mergers and acquisitions means and customer service practices, and enterprise relationship management with suppliers, and are allowing people access to information, communication, shopping and entertainment revolution, an unprecedented occurrence.
- The information revolution is that human society ; digital divide . part of the poor in developed countries, most developing countries will likely change in this figure outside.
- new forms of organization, new institutional structure with the new technology, new economy are important components. While the core of the economy, the same as before, is rooted in human nature, rather than any new technological advances, approach is no different (Greenspan language) instilling values to consumers the way, and so on.
- is booming, and emerging e-commerce has become a promising economic model. the rapid development of information technology, substantial growth in U.S. productivity, and changes associated with the growth of information technology, will long continue.
these basic conclusions, on the one hand, describes the status of the United States and the level of the digital economy, on the other hand, reflects the U.S. government's overall assessment of the digital economy. the United States the emerging information revolution, the government faces major challenges, positive and relevant research institutions and enterprises to collaborate, publish annual study digital economy aimed at a timely manner and attitude of the Government's position that, as industrial policy and provide the basis for the formulation of public policy, guide the healthy development of economy and society.
To better understand the U.S. Department of Commerce study on the digital economy, we must first in-depth understanding of the past 15 years the history of technological change, formation, size and development. Because of rapid technological change and complexity, but also the very wide range of related fields, causing people to understand the obstacles for the information revolution. is changing so fast and so large amount of information, making it difficult to catch up. theoretical model of the digital economy can not be early in its development set up, so, case studies and sample surveys have become the main tool of the digital economy. whether it is business or government, whether it is non-profit organizations or the private sector, a large number of the Internet and digital economy generated research institutions. even in the U.S. presidential race The candidates if they do not show the Internet and e-commerce for the national strategy, you will lose a lot of votes. In short, in order to determine and measure these changes, ideas, innovations and changes in the way of thinking is extremely important. at least people can not then the existing classification and > nearly 15 years, the U.S. economy the most noteworthy is that the field of information technology investment in gross domestic product (GDP) appears twice in the share of rapid growth. This growth is accompanied by two two major technological change, and a new pillar of global companies. The two major changes in technology and promote industrial structure from the longitudinal vertical structure, horizontal structure to the horizontal integration, penetration, led to two major investment expansion.
The first big investment growth from 4.9% growth in 1985 to 6.3% in 1990, when PC penetration into homes and offices. the computer industry evolved from vertical to horizontal industrial industry, personal computer (PC) widely used, adapted a commercial operation, to support the Dow Jones index broke the thousand point mark, produced as Intel, Microsoft and other U.S. economic pillars of the new company, as well as IBM, APPLE, HP, DEC, COMPAQ and a number of computer industry companies.
The second largest investment growth, from 6.4% in 1993 to 8.2% in 1998, began in 1993 driven by the Internet communication activities outbreak. Computer and Communication, combine to produce the Internet, the communications industry have a tremendous impact on the vertical , rewrite the exchange, to create and engage in commercial trade, to support the Dow Jones index broke the ten thousand mark, the continuous generation of like America Online (AOL), Cisco (Cisco) and other new economic pillars, as well as Yahoo, Netscape, @ home , Lycos, Amason, ebay and so many new Internet, e-commerce company. created only 15 years of the new technology company AOL (1640 billion in market value), mergers and ace media giant Time Warner years (840 billion in market value) of the miracle. According to statistics, since Netscape the market, the United States has more than 300 Internet-related stocks listed in 2000 is estimated to increase to 400 the total number of these have been listed and ready to be listed in the new company, gathered from the global capital markets to absorb a large number of capital and wealth to the rapid rise of ultra-conventional way, drive the information technology industry in the total share of nominal GDP growth of close to 15%, a profound impact on the economic and social life of the United States.
Now, a new round of technology changes under way, and may drive the field of information technology, investment growth in the third largest. Industry experts believe that with the narrow-band Internet is different from the information infrastructure to support broadband and data services will drive bandwidth consumption of U.S. companies to continue to promote the assimilation of technology the U.S. economy, will also produce a large number of new economic pillar enterprises. As broadband service itself has a network of digital features, the new round of industrial revolution is bound to the personal computer revolution, the Internet revolution, based on and to start a more intense form of globalization.
U.S. information technology, Internet and e-commerce to further the penetration of the traditional industries, restructuring and integration of the state show that a cross-border, large, service-oriented economy in the new market is formation, industry estimates the size of this new market will be a narrow-band Internet, personal computers and thousands of times the size of the two markets. Meanwhile, the population of the United States to further rely on more global in nature in this life and consumer broadband networks in the next few During the year, will result in a physical community (real economy) corresponds to the virtual community (virtual economy) eventually emerged.
Second, on the three-digit economic growth in the number of U.S. law
drive the main driver of economic growth One is the rapid development of information technology, and it caused a decline in production and service costs and product economy to a service economy in transition. of information technology on the digital economy, driven from the Kraft Law transistors integrated in a semiconductor wafer manufacturing, which is .60 years after the chip, the chip's integrated double every 18 months, at the same time, chip prices are six sub-number (106) in the fall, which is the famous The Moore's Law. chip performance doubles every 18 months, less than half the price situation has been for 30 years, Bell Labs and the U.S. Department of Commerce estimates were made: this situation will continue for 20 years. Correspondingly, the changes in optical communications, semiconductor and computer people cf the area of Moore's Law, the Internet communications found a new Moore's Law: Internet backbone bandwidth every 6 to 9 months to double. This shows that Moore's Law, based on the communication changes in the field to the computer field is two to three times the speed of progress. Moore's Law and Moore's law reveals new semiconductor and optical communications within the information technology industry as the two engines to index the form of continuing to promote the information industry revolution.
- Metcalfe's Law. The value of computer networks, the number of nodes into a quadratic equation with the relationship, this is the famous Metcalfe regulations. In other words, the number of computers relative to the Internet more, its economy and greater social impact. Economists information technology phenomenon called development of new software, etc.), but adding a new user to an existing network costs are very low. Conversely, when very few network participants, when the value of the network for the participants is very low, but when the network participants increasing number of time, its value to rise. For example, a telephone network is of no use, but also added a telephone has increased the value of the network. As more and more calls to join, may be The contact number will rise. With the continuous expansion of network scale, commercial productivity gains will approach faster than the speed of simple arithmetic increase. Metcalfe's Law reveals the value of the Internet with the growth in the number of users The arithmetic progression was (polynomial) growth or growth in the rules of quadratic equations.
- Yahoo laws. Moore's Law and the new Moore's Law is proven by practice, Metcalfe law theory has proved accurate. Following Moore's Law, Metcalfe's Law, the digital economy coming out of the than, the Internet will continue to be put in place a huge money. digital economy, when capital market access to the information technology industry, large-scale time, it is also growth in the digital economy, when an explosion.
from the three law-digit economic growth can be seen, semiconductor technology, computer technology, Internet communications technology constant change, growth in the digital economy is a major cause. In the interaction of technology and market, the information technology industry, investment growth, especially in the capital market-driven digital economy and innovation, but also a number of important factors of economic growth. In information technology in all walks of life in the process, the innovative business model also accelerated the growth of the digital economy.
In short, the digital economy, the growth of the formation of its own logic. chip capacity, the tremendous growth of optical transmission capacity and cost, for the computer and the Internet provide a technical basis, leading to a variety of network and software innovations; Then, the explosive growth of the Internet to promote a commercial organization and mode of operation of the main changes, leading to the main body and individuals to commercial products and services various aspects of innovation. Information technology is constantly changing technological change and business models, organizational change management in the rapidly growing interactive. Why break the monopoly and the achievement of full competition can benefit the end consumers, a large extent, the application of rapid technological change and diffusion, making the rapid decline in the cost of products and services, the declining cost far less than the cost of consumption in the competition.
Third, on the history of the Internet and its explosive growth following the 80
the mid-PC penetration to the home and office after the mid-90's explosive popularity of the Internet began to open, its economic and social impact of any technology in human history and production tools can not match. In the United States ahead of any of the digital economy Behind the countries and regions, we find that the United States is not only the birthplace of the Internet, and the fact that the center has become a global Internet. to understand this history and the reasons for understanding the digital economy is very good.
s First, the Internet's history and the birthplace of the late
60, the U.S. Department of Defense commissioned a study from Stanford University, the main contents are: how to ensure that nuclear strike even if by accident, the United States can still effectively use the military chain of command . According to this request, the network is designed to be dispersed, without the center, each node on the network can be a command and control centers, have generated, receive and transmit information. online information is broken down in a node as a or communication lines were destroyed, the packet can still be transmitted through other paths, and sent to the destination. no one even thought of this design concept to create the Internet.
According to this design, the U.S. Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency established ARPANET, was it only four computers connected. Later, the National Science Foundation (NSF) funded and MCI, leased communication lines, the nation's five supercomputer centers are joined together to establish a NSFnet. After further upgrade and after speed, NSFnet be open to the public as the most important backbone of the Internet. When in 1983, TCP / IP as the communication protocol standard ARPANET, the Internet has finally been born. In fact, the Internet can be defined as logically through a globally unique address, based on TCP / IP protocol to connect with the global information system. It consists of thousands of interconnected computer systems.
present, the Internet is in its cycle of growth and the starting point for mass market penetration .90 two early to promote the development of their growth, namely: the World Wide Web (WWW or simply Web) the emergence and subsequent such as Netscape (Netscape) the company's Navigator (Navigator) or Microsoft (Microsoft) to explore the company's Internet who (Internet Explorer) and other graphics-based web browser innovation. Today, the Internet has to phone, fax, computer, radio and television to bring together all business.
second commercial created the explosive growth of the Internet
Internet for research and education areas of early communication, with a large number of companies have joined up to the Internet, making Internet content, applications considerably expanded. into the 90's, Internet users followed the explosive growth.
It statistics, the Internet world in 1996 was less than 40 million population, to the end of 1997, more than 1 million more than a year has doubled in the end of 1998 reached 171 million Internet users, Internet users reached the end of .1999 2.59 million, which the United States reached 1.1 million, accounting for 43% of the total global Internet, Japan more than 20 million, 46 million major European countries by the end of .2000, a figure estimated to reach 340 million, compared to 1999 increased 80% over the U.S. and Canada Internet users half of the global online population. estimated that in 2005 the global Internet population will reach 765 million. Another indicator is the measure of growth of the Internet domain name, that the number and size of online agencies around the end of .1996 62.7 million Internet domain names were registered to the end of 1997, the number of registered domain names to be doubled to 150 million, the end of 1998 and reached 300 million .1999 by the end of the global domain name registration is close to 6 million.
Third, the Internet's first-mover advantage to the United States
dominate the high concentration of Internet USA, a US-led global development of the Internet, and in fact has become a global center of Internet business. Internet first came in the United States, to its users began to be widely used abroad, the U.S. domestic market has enormous, and a backbone infrastructure has also been established, and the rest of the world has come to attract a lot of money. Since then, the strength of increasing returns to scale advantages of the United States to further strengthen the Internet. The following indicator reflects the number of US-led Internet Position:
First, the business flow. all international telephone services via the United States, only 30% (even call back and relay transmission), but all Internet traffic there is 90% of business in the United States initiated termination or adoption. The reason is that the major Internet backbone providers in the United States, while outside North America the size of a small amount of limited regional Internet backbone.
Second, the leading Internet content. At present, the most visited Internet 100 a network of sites, 94 are located in the United States. Internet 81% of all web pages in English, and from the United States which account for a very large part.
Third, hosts and users are concentrated in U.S. .1999 year, the U.S. still has all the nearly 60% of Internet users, while the U.S. telephone subscribers account for only 20% of the world. the future development trend of Internet hosts, the United States of the world will tend to reduce the proportion of the total, however, is still dominant. in the foreseeable future, non-OECD countries will still host on the Internet only a very small share. Therefore, the next time the status of the Internet in developing countries will not have any significant changes.
Fourth, in the past, present and future long period of time, the global Internet governance in all major decisions will be made by the United States. code for the Internet domain name policy, although the United States to lose control of some signs, such as the IP address assignment, the decision of protocol parameters, the domain name system management, and basic server system management functions, transferred to a non-profit organization, however, the U.S. representative in the Internet domain code collaborators (The Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers, ICANN) in the dominant position, as no representative of developing countries, as there is still a fundamental change. currently taking place in the Chinese domain name dispute, from the Internet, the global management of resources is basically unfair share.
short, the U.S. economy created several years to maintain high growth, high employment, low inflation, the historical record, does benefit from its information technology and the Internet has to offer. Most of the reason is that it captures well the mid-80s PC revolution, the Internet revolution in the mid-90s the opportunity. At the national legal and institutional support innovation, free and open market environment, through continuous technical innovation and business innovation, it will important to global economic development and strategic resources gathered around . just as it has to rely on economic growth in the industrial world's annual consumption of nearly 2 / 3 of the oil resources, today the U.S. digital economy relies heavily on the rapid growth of 90% of global Internet traffic share the information.
IV on the information technology industry and its impact on the U.S. economy
U.S. Department of Commerce announced in April 1998 the first annual report, the global information infrastructure will support the industry as the information technology industry. The reason why this definition of information technology industry is the result of 90 years of information technology equipment, communications equipment, software and services a wide range of applications, the U.S. domestic market and the gradual integration into the international market with a market. This market dominated by the Internet, the global information infrastructure support. < br> In order to define clearly at the outset the scope of the information technology industry and the boundary, the Commerce Department report, 1999 edition of spending a lot of space, the U.S. Institute of Information Technology, American Electronics Association, the North American Industry Classification System of the information technology industry made a detailed comparison of definition and analysis, the Commerce Department finalized the definition of the information technology industry. It is obvious that the report uses the definition of the information technology industry over the scope of the definition of the first three institutions to be wider, it includes : information technology manufacturing, software and services, communications services, computer equipment and software, wholesale trade, computer equipment and software, retail and so on. Research Report on the information technology industry, the definition of employment, including: all employment in the information technology industry staff, all non-information technology industry and information technology-related staff positions.
order to measure the information technology industry and growth of economic output, inflation, business investment and employment impact and contribution, the study by increasing the value measure the output of the information technology industry. that is, the added value is an industry and all the new income, including wages, benefits, business taxes and profits. all industries combined is the added value of gross domestic income (GDI). adopt this different types of income approach can be drawn in the share of industry in national economy.
information technology industry on the impact on the U.S. economy, as the 2000 edition of the annual report pointed out in Chapter III: technology industry, the Internet and electronic commerce. information technology company providing information technology support for the economic life of products and services business operations since the mid .90, it is an important factor in these industries, there was rapid and sustained economic growth, inflation rate reductions and numerous technical innovations. improve the information technology industry growth in economic output as a proportion of 6.3% from 1994 to 2000 increased 8.3%.
Second, falling prices of information technology products, reducing overall U.S. inflation. information technology products and services, lower prices, indirectly and directly led to the total U.S. economy, lower inflation rates. Since the mid-90s since the information technology products has intensified the trend of falling prices, leading to overall U.S. inflation fell by 0.5 percentage points .
third, from 1995 to 1999 real GDP growth in the information technology industry accounted for almost one third. the information technology industry output in the United States accounted for 10% of economic output. In 1995 and 1999 years, due to the rapid growth of information technology industry and information technology products and services, lower prices, the information technology industry accounted for U.S. real economic growth 30%.
Fourth, the use of commercial and investment activities of information technology equipment and software continued growth. Between 1995 and 1999, information technology equipment and software, the actual business investment more than doubled, from 243 billion U.S. dollars increased to 510 billion U.S. dollars. In 90 years, information technology equipment and software investment increasing in the United States rapid economic growth, an important factor. all information technology equipment investment average annual increase of 9-10 percentage points, while the 80's, the figure is 5 to 6 percentage points.
Fifth, in order to achieve technological innovation, with a total of development costs increased to 1999 In 1994, total U.S. investment in research and development of the average annual increase of 6% (after inflation), but from 1989 to 1994, this figure is only about 0.3%.
Sixth, information technology to total productivity growth played a huge contribution. In order to effectively use information technology to make the necessary organizational restructuring of the company, than the company has not done so to a greater production capacity. on whether the impact of information technology on productivity A major change in this issue is that some in the past to the simple reason: the U.S. Department of Commerce to expand the definition of information technology, the National Bureau of Economic Analysis software expenditures classified as investment from the current cost.
In short, the digital revolution in the mid-90s on many factors exist before, but From the mid-90s onwards, and potential of the combined effect of these began to emerge substantially, and the huge impact the U.S. economy.
Fifth, on information technology on employment and labor market impact of the proliferation of information technology
and e-commerce development has affected the business model, forcing people to adopt more flexible forms of organization, improve operational efficiency. competition, international market entry and organizational form of change, affecting the demand for jobs, wage levels and skills requirements, thus affecting the labor market. three annual reports have cited a large amount of data, analysis of employment demand in the information technology industry, wage levels and the development trend of skill requirements, reached the following main conclusions:
- - along with the wage levels and the increasing demand for skills, employment in the information technology industry is growing demand. By 2006, the provision of information technology equipment and services industry, and the use of information technology equipment and services, major industries, will employ about half of (49%) of the private workforce, in 1989 the figure was 44%.
- Internet applications and e-commerce continues to develop, making the and systems analysts) increase in demand, but also created a new information technology professional, changed the number of non-information technology needs of professional skills and improve the work of many low-skilled minimum skill requirements.
- the skills requirements increase, corresponding increase in the wages of workers in information technology. information technology workers and all other workers, the wage gap continued to widen. respond to the labor market, emerged a large number of training facilities, the training of workers from lower skill levels to moderate skill levels can engage in the work of.
- information technology industry and work between employment and unemployment, employment in other sectors.
- 1998, the employment in the information technology and other sectors of information technology network services jobs moving a total of about 740 million, accounting for 6.1% of the total labor force. Over the years, information technology jobs the number of total employment growth has been higher than the rate of the mid-90s this becomes even more evident. From 1994 to 1998, the information technology industry employment increased by about 28%, jobs in the same period the amount of the network also increased 22%. with this Correspondingly the same period, the amount of U.S. non-agricultural labor force grew by only 11%.
information technology workers has not only created the computer and communications industries, but also created a number of economic development of vital new knowledge and new ideas and new information. In order to meet the demand for information technology personnel, the U.S. government and the business community have taken a variety of ways to enhance the number of information technology practitioners. If the federal government to implement H1-B visa program to actively attract foreign technicians into the United States, 1998 the number of visas the U.S. Congress to increase from 6.5 million to 11.5 million in 1999, this number has increased to 20 million. According to statistics, 60% entered the U.S. information technology industry. In addition, the government-funded training and by the enterprise provide staff training, are being widely implemented.
six main features of the new economy and its
1999 edition of the U.S. Commerce Department study, the same American Development Policy Institute published the Index the digital economy are in a nascent stage, there are a lot of content overlap and cross, difficult to make a strict distinction.
economy: When the Nasdaq composite index more than 5,000 points from the peak down to a callback to the ultra-low 1,500 points, when all of the risks investors , people's evaluation of the digital economy has been engaged in the process. In the past more than two years, the Wall Street investment analysts to advance the people over the next five years the digital economy of the imagination, and at the highest point on the same day the Nasdaq composite index to the lowest point of the test a low, also hinder people evaluate the objectivity of the digital economy. When most people with the Nasdaq falling over on the digital economy, the negative evaluation of support comments, let us look carefully on the number of U.S. Department of Commerce to determine the economic growth and long-term evaluation, may be helpful for.
U.S. Department of Commerce for three consecutive years since 1998, announced the number three on the Economic research report (1998, described the economic performance of industry to the information technology industry on economic growth, inflation, employment and labor market analysis of the impact of emerging e-commerce in the specific description. three years of studies fully confirmed the information technology the great change driven the U.S. economy.
study in 2000, the Ministry of Commerce of the words used in the past introduction to the report claimed, period of economic and social development, which are built on the basis of digital technology innovation. In this new era, creating new ways of working, new contacts, new products and services and new community model.
above this text, can be seen as the U.S. Department of Commerce to make the overall assessment of the digital economy and the main conclusions, which focused on the expression of the controversial U.S. Department of Commerce figures for the economy's basic attitude. The conclusion drawn is not easy, United States Commerce Department analysts who spent more than three years, a great deal of statistical research, analysis, research and demonstration, Xiabi Luo, June 1999, analysis.
comparison since 1998, the U.S. Department of Commerce issued three consecutive annual reports, and related accessories, you can clearly see that the U.S. government on this unprecedented Basic Evaluation of the digital revolution:
- the U.S. economy is undergoing a profound transformation. This most obvious external signs change, but also one of its fundamental causes, is a revolutionary technological advances. It consists of powerful personal computers, high-speed electronic communications, and Internet. in the past 15 years, information technology, innovation, capital market innovation, business model innovation, information technology products and services, prices continued to fall, to increase investment in the industry, is the U.S. has sustained high economic growth, low inflation, high employment, a the main reason.
- the last five years, the Internet exploded in the United States has entered a growth phase. to the Internet as a symbol of large-scale construction of information infrastructure, the phenomenal growth of e-commerce is changing the way corporate management, mergers and acquisitions means and customer service practices, and enterprise relationship management with suppliers, and are allowing people access to information, communication, shopping and entertainment revolution, an unprecedented occurrence.
- The information revolution is that human society ; digital divide . part of the poor in developed countries, most developing countries will likely change in this figure outside.
- new forms of organization, new institutional structure with the new technology, new economy are important components. While the core of the economy, the same as before, is rooted in human nature, rather than any new technological advances, approach is no different (Greenspan language) instilling values to consumers the way, and so on.
- is booming, and emerging e-commerce has become a promising economic model. the rapid development of information technology, substantial growth in U.S. productivity, and changes associated with the growth of information technology, will long continue.
these basic conclusions, on the one hand, describes the status of the United States and the level of the digital economy, on the other hand, reflects the U.S. government's overall assessment of the digital economy. the United States the emerging information revolution, the government faces major challenges, positive and relevant research institutions and enterprises to collaborate, publish annual study digital economy aimed at a timely manner and attitude of the Government's position that, as industrial policy and provide the basis for the formulation of public policy, guide the healthy development of economy and society.
To better understand the U.S. Department of Commerce study on the digital economy, we must first in-depth understanding of the past 15 years the history of technological change, formation, size and development. Because of rapid technological change and complexity, but also the very wide range of related fields, causing people to understand the obstacles for the information revolution. is changing so fast and so large amount of information, making it difficult to catch up. theoretical model of the digital economy can not be early in its development set up, so, case studies and sample surveys have become the main tool of the digital economy. whether it is business or government, whether it is non-profit organizations or the private sector, a large number of the Internet and digital economy generated research institutions. even in the U.S. presidential race The candidates if they do not show the Internet and e-commerce for the national strategy, you will lose a lot of votes. In short, in order to determine and measure these changes, ideas, innovations and changes in the way of thinking is extremely important. at least people can not then the existing classification and > nearly 15 years, the U.S. economy the most noteworthy is that the field of information technology investment in gross domestic product (GDP) appears twice in the share of rapid growth. This growth is accompanied by two two major technological change, and a new pillar of global companies. The two major changes in technology and promote industrial structure from the longitudinal vertical structure, horizontal structure to the horizontal integration, penetration, led to two major investment expansion.
The first big investment growth from 4.9% growth in 1985 to 6.3% in 1990, when PC penetration into homes and offices. the computer industry evolved from vertical to horizontal industrial industry, personal computer (PC) widely used, adapted a commercial operation, to support the Dow Jones index broke the thousand point mark, produced as Intel, Microsoft and other U.S. economic pillars of the new company, as well as IBM, APPLE, HP, DEC, COMPAQ and a number of computer industry companies.
The second largest investment growth, from 6.4% in 1993 to 8.2% in 1998, began in 1993 driven by the Internet communication activities outbreak. Computer and Communication, combine to produce the Internet, the communications industry have a tremendous impact on the vertical , rewrite the exchange, to create and engage in commercial trade, to support the Dow Jones index broke the ten thousand mark, the continuous generation of like America Online (AOL), Cisco (Cisco) and other new economic pillars, as well as Yahoo, Netscape, @ home , Lycos, Amason, ebay and so many new Internet, e-commerce company. created only 15 years of the new technology company AOL (1640 billion in market value), mergers and ace media giant Time Warner years (840 billion in market value) of the miracle. According to statistics, since Netscape the market, the United States has more than 300 Internet-related stocks listed in 2000 is estimated to increase to 400 the total number of these have been listed and ready to be listed in the new company, gathered from the global capital markets to absorb a large number of capital and wealth to the rapid rise of ultra-conventional way, drive the information technology industry in the total share of nominal GDP growth of close to 15%, a profound impact on the economic and social life of the United States.
Now, a new round of technology changes under way, and may drive the field of information technology, investment growth in the third largest. Industry experts believe that with the narrow-band Internet is different from the information infrastructure to support broadband and data services will drive bandwidth consumption of U.S. companies to continue to promote the assimilation of technology the U.S. economy, will also produce a large number of new economic pillar enterprises. As broadband service itself has a network of digital features, the new round of industrial revolution is bound to the personal computer revolution, the Internet revolution, based on and to start a more intense form of globalization.
U.S. information technology, Internet and e-commerce to further the penetration of the traditional industries, restructuring and integration of the state show that a cross-border, large, service-oriented economy in the new market is formation, industry estimates the size of this new market will be a narrow-band Internet, personal computers and thousands of times the size of the two markets. Meanwhile, the population of the United States to further rely on more global in nature in this life and consumer broadband networks in the next few During the year, will result in a physical community (real economy) corresponds to the virtual community (virtual economy) eventually emerged.
Second, on the three-digit economic growth in the number of U.S. law
drive the main driver of economic growth One is the rapid development of information technology, and it caused a decline in production and service costs and product economy to a service economy in transition. of information technology on the digital economy, driven from the Kraft Law transistors integrated in a semiconductor wafer manufacturing, which is .60 years after the chip, the chip's integrated double every 18 months, at the same time, chip prices are six sub-number (106) in the fall, which is the famous The Moore's Law. chip performance doubles every 18 months, less than half the price situation has been for 30 years, Bell Labs and the U.S. Department of Commerce estimates were made: this situation will continue for 20 years. Correspondingly, the changes in optical communications, semiconductor and computer people cf the area of Moore's Law, the Internet communications found a new Moore's Law: Internet backbone bandwidth every 6 to 9 months to double. This shows that Moore's Law, based on the communication changes in the field to the computer field is two to three times the speed of progress. Moore's Law and Moore's law reveals new semiconductor and optical communications within the information technology industry as the two engines to index the form of continuing to promote the information industry revolution.
- Metcalfe's Law. The value of computer networks, the number of nodes into a quadratic equation with the relationship, this is the famous Metcalfe regulations. In other words, the number of computers relative to the Internet more, its economy and greater social impact. Economists information technology phenomenon called development of new software, etc.), but adding a new user to an existing network costs are very low. Conversely, when very few network participants, when the value of the network for the participants is very low, but when the network participants increasing number of time, its value to rise. For example, a telephone network is of no use, but also added a telephone has increased the value of the network. As more and more calls to join, may be The contact number will rise. With the continuous expansion of network scale, commercial productivity gains will approach faster than the speed of simple arithmetic increase. Metcalfe's Law reveals the value of the Internet with the growth in the number of users The arithmetic progression was (polynomial) growth or growth in the rules of quadratic equations.
- Yahoo laws. Moore's Law and the new Moore's Law is proven by practice, Metcalfe law theory has proved accurate. Following Moore's Law, Metcalfe's Law, the digital economy coming out of the than, the Internet will continue to be put in place a huge money. digital economy, when capital market access to the information technology industry, large-scale time, it is also growth in the digital economy, when an explosion.
from the three law-digit economic growth can be seen, semiconductor technology, computer technology, Internet communications technology constant change, growth in the digital economy is a major cause. In the interaction of technology and market, the information technology industry, investment growth, especially in the capital market-driven digital economy and innovation, but also a number of important factors of economic growth. In information technology in all walks of life in the process, the innovative business model also accelerated the growth of the digital economy.
In short, the digital economy, the growth of the formation of its own logic. chip capacity, the tremendous growth of optical transmission capacity and cost, for the computer and the Internet provide a technical basis, leading to a variety of network and software innovations; Then, the explosive growth of the Internet to promote a commercial organization and mode of operation of the main changes, leading to the main body and individuals to commercial products and services various aspects of innovation. Information technology is constantly changing technological change and business models, organizational change management in the rapidly growing interactive. Why break the monopoly and the achievement of full competition can benefit the end consumers, a large extent, the application of rapid technological change and diffusion, making the rapid decline in the cost of products and services, the declining cost far less than the cost of consumption in the competition.
Third, on the history of the Internet and its explosive growth following the 80
the mid-PC penetration to the home and office after the mid-90's explosive popularity of the Internet began to open, its economic and social impact of any technology in human history and production tools can not match. In the United States ahead of any of the digital economy Behind the countries and regions, we find that the United States is not only the birthplace of the Internet, and the fact that the center has become a global Internet. to understand this history and the reasons for understanding the digital economy is very good.
s First, the Internet's history and the birthplace of the late
60, the U.S. Department of Defense commissioned a study from Stanford University, the main contents are: how to ensure that nuclear strike even if by accident, the United States can still effectively use the military chain of command . According to this request, the network is designed to be dispersed, without the center, each node on the network can be a command and control centers, have generated, receive and transmit information. online information is broken down in a node as a or communication lines were destroyed, the packet can still be transmitted through other paths, and sent to the destination. no one even thought of this design concept to create the Internet.
According to this design, the U.S. Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency established ARPANET, was it only four computers connected. Later, the National Science Foundation (NSF) funded and MCI, leased communication lines, the nation's five supercomputer centers are joined together to establish a NSFnet. After further upgrade and after speed, NSFnet be open to the public as the most important backbone of the Internet. When in 1983, TCP / IP as the communication protocol standard ARPANET, the Internet has finally been born. In fact, the Internet can be defined as logically through a globally unique address, based on TCP / IP protocol to connect with the global information system. It consists of thousands of interconnected computer systems.
present, the Internet is in its cycle of growth and the starting point for mass market penetration .90 two early to promote the development of their growth, namely: the World Wide Web (WWW or simply Web) the emergence and subsequent such as Netscape (Netscape) the company's Navigator (Navigator) or Microsoft (Microsoft) to explore the company's Internet who (Internet Explorer) and other graphics-based web browser innovation. Today, the Internet has to phone, fax, computer, radio and television to bring together all business.
second commercial created the explosive growth of the Internet
Internet for research and education areas of early communication, with a large number of companies have joined up to the Internet, making Internet content, applications considerably expanded. into the 90's, Internet users followed the explosive growth.
It statistics, the Internet world in 1996 was less than 40 million population, to the end of 1997, more than 1 million more than a year has doubled in the end of 1998 reached 171 million Internet users, Internet users reached the end of .1999 2.59 million, which the United States reached 1.1 million, accounting for 43% of the total global Internet, Japan more than 20 million, 46 million major European countries by the end of .2000, a figure estimated to reach 340 million, compared to 1999 increased 80% over the U.S. and Canada Internet users half of the global online population. estimated that in 2005 the global Internet population will reach 765 million. Another indicator is the measure of growth of the Internet domain name, that the number and size of online agencies around the end of .1996 62.7 million Internet domain names were registered to the end of 1997, the number of registered domain names to be doubled to 150 million, the end of 1998 and reached 300 million .1999 by the end of the global domain name registration is close to 6 million.
Third, the Internet's first-mover advantage to the United States
dominate the high concentration of Internet USA, a US-led global development of the Internet, and in fact has become a global center of Internet business. Internet first came in the United States, to its users began to be widely used abroad, the U.S. domestic market has enormous, and a backbone infrastructure has also been established, and the rest of the world has come to attract a lot of money. Since then, the strength of increasing returns to scale advantages of the United States to further strengthen the Internet. The following indicator reflects the number of US-led Internet Position:
First, the business flow. all international telephone services via the United States, only 30% (even call back and relay transmission), but all Internet traffic there is 90% of business in the United States initiated termination or adoption. The reason is that the major Internet backbone providers in the United States, while outside North America the size of a small amount of limited regional Internet backbone.
Second, the leading Internet content. At present, the most visited Internet 100 a network of sites, 94 are located in the United States. Internet 81% of all web pages in English, and from the United States which account for a very large part.
Third, hosts and users are concentrated in U.S. .1999 year, the U.S. still has all the nearly 60% of Internet users, while the U.S. telephone subscribers account for only 20% of the world. the future development trend of Internet hosts, the United States of the world will tend to reduce the proportion of the total, however, is still dominant. in the foreseeable future, non-OECD countries will still host on the Internet only a very small share. Therefore, the next time the status of the Internet in developing countries will not have any significant changes.
Fourth, in the past, present and future long period of time, the global Internet governance in all major decisions will be made by the United States. code for the Internet domain name policy, although the United States to lose control of some signs, such as the IP address assignment, the decision of protocol parameters, the domain name system management, and basic server system management functions, transferred to a non-profit organization, however, the U.S. representative in the Internet domain code collaborators (The Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers, ICANN) in the dominant position, as no representative of developing countries, as there is still a fundamental change. currently taking place in the Chinese domain name dispute, from the Internet, the global management of resources is basically unfair share.
short, the U.S. economy created several years to maintain high growth, high employment, low inflation, the historical record, does benefit from its information technology and the Internet has to offer. Most of the reason is that it captures well the mid-80s PC revolution, the Internet revolution in the mid-90s the opportunity. At the national legal and institutional support innovation, free and open market environment, through continuous technical innovation and business innovation, it will important to global economic development and strategic resources gathered around . just as it has to rely on economic growth in the industrial world's annual consumption of nearly 2 / 3 of the oil resources, today the U.S. digital economy relies heavily on the rapid growth of 90% of global Internet traffic share the information.
IV on the information technology industry and its impact on the U.S. economy
U.S. Department of Commerce announced in April 1998 the first annual report, the global information infrastructure will support the industry as the information technology industry. The reason why this definition of information technology industry is the result of 90 years of information technology equipment, communications equipment, software and services a wide range of applications, the U.S. domestic market and the gradual integration into the international market with a market. This market dominated by the Internet, the global information infrastructure support. < br> In order to define clearly at the outset the scope of the information technology industry and the boundary, the Commerce Department report, 1999 edition of spending a lot of space, the U.S. Institute of Information Technology, American Electronics Association, the North American Industry Classification System of the information technology industry made a detailed comparison of definition and analysis, the Commerce Department finalized the definition of the information technology industry. It is obvious that the report uses the definition of the information technology industry over the scope of the definition of the first three institutions to be wider, it includes : information technology manufacturing, software and services, communications services, computer equipment and software, wholesale trade, computer equipment and software, retail and so on. Research Report on the information technology industry, the definition of employment, including: all employment in the information technology industry staff, all non-information technology industry and information technology-related staff positions.
order to measure the information technology industry and growth of economic output, inflation, business investment and employment impact and contribution, the study by increasing the value measure the output of the information technology industry. that is, the added value is an industry and all the new income, including wages, benefits, business taxes and profits. all industries combined is the added value of gross domestic income (GDI). adopt this different types of income approach can be drawn in the share of industry in national economy.
information technology industry on the impact on the U.S. economy, as the 2000 edition of the annual report pointed out in Chapter III: technology industry, the Internet and electronic commerce. information technology company providing information technology support for the economic life of products and services business operations since the mid .90, it is an important factor in these industries, there was rapid and sustained economic growth, inflation rate reductions and numerous technical innovations. improve the information technology industry growth in economic output as a proportion of 6.3% from 1994 to 2000 increased 8.3%.
Second, falling prices of information technology products, reducing overall U.S. inflation. information technology products and services, lower prices, indirectly and directly led to the total U.S. economy, lower inflation rates. Since the mid-90s since the information technology products has intensified the trend of falling prices, leading to overall U.S. inflation fell by 0.5 percentage points .
third, from 1995 to 1999 real GDP growth in the information technology industry accounted for almost one third. the information technology industry output in the United States accounted for 10% of economic output. In 1995 and 1999 years, due to the rapid growth of information technology industry and information technology products and services, lower prices, the information technology industry accounted for U.S. real economic growth 30%.
Fourth, the use of commercial and investment activities of information technology equipment and software continued growth. Between 1995 and 1999, information technology equipment and software, the actual business investment more than doubled, from 243 billion U.S. dollars increased to 510 billion U.S. dollars. In 90 years, information technology equipment and software investment increasing in the United States rapid economic growth, an important factor. all information technology equipment investment average annual increase of 9-10 percentage points, while the 80's, the figure is 5 to 6 percentage points.
Fifth, in order to achieve technological innovation, with a total of development costs increased to 1999 In 1994, total U.S. investment in research and development of the average annual increase of 6% (after inflation), but from 1989 to 1994, this figure is only about 0.3%.
Sixth, information technology to total productivity growth played a huge contribution. In order to effectively use information technology to make the necessary organizational restructuring of the company, than the company has not done so to a greater production capacity. on whether the impact of information technology on productivity A major change in this issue is that some in the past to the simple reason: the U.S. Department of Commerce to expand the definition of information technology, the National Bureau of Economic Analysis software expenditures classified as investment from the current cost.
In short, the digital revolution in the mid-90s on many factors exist before, but From the mid-90s onwards, and potential of the combined effect of these began to emerge substantially, and the huge impact the U.S. economy.
Fifth, on information technology on employment and labor market impact of the proliferation of information technology
and e-commerce development has affected the business model, forcing people to adopt more flexible forms of organization, improve operational efficiency. competition, international market entry and organizational form of change, affecting the demand for jobs, wage levels and skills requirements, thus affecting the labor market. three annual reports have cited a large amount of data, analysis of employment demand in the information technology industry, wage levels and the development trend of skill requirements, reached the following main conclusions:
- - along with the wage levels and the increasing demand for skills, employment in the information technology industry is growing demand. By 2006, the provision of information technology equipment and services industry, and the use of information technology equipment and services, major industries, will employ about half of (49%) of the private workforce, in 1989 the figure was 44%.
- Internet applications and e-commerce continues to develop, making the and systems analysts) increase in demand, but also created a new information technology professional, changed the number of non-information technology needs of professional skills and improve the work of many low-skilled minimum skill requirements.
- the skills requirements increase, corresponding increase in the wages of workers in information technology. information technology workers and all other workers, the wage gap continued to widen. respond to the labor market, emerged a large number of training facilities, the training of workers from lower skill levels to moderate skill levels can engage in the work of.
- information technology industry and work between employment and unemployment, employment in other sectors.
- 1998, the employment in the information technology and other sectors of information technology network services jobs moving a total of about 740 million, accounting for 6.1% of the total labor force. Over the years, information technology jobs the number of total employment growth has been higher than the rate of the mid-90s this becomes even more evident. From 1994 to 1998, the information technology industry employment increased by about 28%, jobs in the same period the amount of the network also increased 22%. with this Correspondingly the same period, the amount of U.S. non-agricultural labor force grew by only 11%.
information technology workers has not only created the computer and communications industries, but also created a number of economic development of vital new knowledge and new ideas and new information. In order to meet the demand for information technology personnel, the U.S. government and the business community have taken a variety of ways to enhance the number of information technology practitioners. If the federal government to implement H1-B visa program to actively attract foreign technicians into the United States, 1998 the number of visas the U.S. Congress to increase from 6.5 million to 11.5 million in 1999, this number has increased to 20 million. According to statistics, 60% entered the U.S. information technology industry. In addition, the government-funded training and by the enterprise provide staff training, are being widely implemented.
six main features of the new economy and its
1999 edition of the U.S. Commerce Department study, the same American Development Policy Institute published the Index the digital economy are in a nascent stage, there are a lot of content overlap and cross, difficult to make a strict distinction.
Sunday, December 26, 2010
The following is the eighth chapter
Three New Stories Series
the eighth chapter: Lu Su words: strategic vision and the gentleman (a)
Lu Su, word Zijing, Anhui, who will be far. A young age that my father passed away, followed her grandmother to live with . He is a local well-off family, Guang their land. Lu Su was tall and burly, had a habit of making friends, and his generous, as long as people speak to him, he would generously agreed to the request of the other party, money to money to pay for food. he do not like to manage the family property, household chores, but as one to learn fencing, riding and shooting. the face of chaos of the situation, he often thought how to deal with. He called the local conscious young people, with learning horse riding, archery, teaching them art of war, war, with the way the military drills. In order to remove the worry of these people, who provide free food and clothing to these people, even at the sale of land and properties. He also frequently the local poverty relief people, give them money to send rice, Songyisongyao. Therefore, he is very popular in the East area. However, the Lu family elders did not understand him, and said he was a spendthrift, and often lamented that: such a crazy guy, alas, will inevitably have to decline Lu go home ah! fun, life is also very thrifty, not the pursuit of material things. running the army strict military discipline purges, curried. He also enjoys reading, even if war march, as long as a little gap, we must seize the time to read. Because of this, so he good conversation, the article is also well written, very far-sighted thinking can be said with the wisdom beyond the ordinary.
Zhou Yu was made governor in Juchao. He had heard that Lu Su is very generous man, as famine, severe food shortages, he try holding the psychological, with several hundred people to visit Lu Su. the way open for grain to Lu Su. then Lu Su rice at home with two warehouses, each warehouse thousand Gok. Zhou Yu and his openings for grain, he has not even frown on his brow, very simply to be pointing to, put the rice gave Zhou a warehouse. see Lu Su is so generous, Zhou Yu was deeply moved and troubled times, such people think too hard to find , and so he proposed to and Lu Su sworn brothers. Lu Su, a, happy Yipaitaitui, said: the surname brother. Lu Su Zhou big two, called the brother of Zhou Yu.
time, Yuan Shu, Sun Ce and Zhou Yu are still the men. Yuan Shu from Sun Ce, Zhou Yu, Lu Su mouth that after these things, but also that This is a rare figure, so he made the appointment of Su, the Executive of the local Lower East Side. may not like Lu Su Yuan Shu, Yuan Shu, he felt rude to the person present law, ambitious, but Zhidacaishu, National Cheng Kung University feels that this industry is difficult, so and then decided to lead his people and trained by a team of his own to leave the East Side, went to Yu Ju Chao to defect to. just have to cross the river to the Que to see Zhou Yu Sun Ce, then start with two people. to the Que After the warm welcome by Sun Ce, Lu Su will home in Que.
Soon, his grandmother passed away. Su, this was a dutiful son, but also single-handedly brought up by her grandmother, and therefore special grandmother filial piety. for the death of his grandmother, his grief Nan Yi, crying a few games, then follow the traditional practices grandmother's coffin will be buried back East.
Yellow Turban Rebellion broke out, the Central Plains chaos, tyrannical forces have them. LU Su bring disaster sooner or later realize that this spread to Huainan, and he said his men: fertile land, rich people, is a good place Duobizhanluan. you are willing to follow me to the drain to avoid this war, observing the current situation change? Lu Su to Lu's family and his staff team compiled a total of three hundred people. He let go in front of old and sick, physically strong person to go in the back. Lu Su told the local authorities to run with gang and feel a hurt to their face, to send cavalry to catch up. Lu Su to see from behind, and not in a hurry, still leisurely along. However, he also prepared to make a war at any time, for those who Jingzhuang man or shields, or pull full bow. He who from behind said: , if we do not go, it is not so die? Kukuxiangbi why do you? wear. pursuers only makes sense that Lu Su said, they feel that Lu Su martial arts great, by they are unable to deal with, so do not rush, and turned back.
Su, finally led three hundred people, crossed the Yangtze River, came to the Que, and then went to see Sun Ce. Sun Ce Lu Su heard the narrative, but also this person may not feel Lu Su.
Lu Su in Huainan has a very good friend called Liu Ziyang, the talent he admired Lu Su, Lu Su would like to find a good master to their ambitions, so he sent a letter sent to Lu Su. The letter said: heroes are taking advantage of the sky. man is a man of great military and political, particularly suited to today's mess. I hope you pick out the mother as soon as possible, do not stay idle East. I asked to be a Lisa Cheng of Chaohu , he has several million men, that area has fertile land, is a land of plenty, so Lujiang people have defected to him. According to my observation, the future of this man knows no bounds. missed, man, right decision quickly. the Liu Ziyang's letter, Lu Su also said that a good friend, I agreed down. He disposed of after the grandmother's funeral, returned to Que, ready to go north with his mother to seek refuge with Lisa Cheng.
in this before the sudden death of Sun Ce, Sun Quan succeeded his brother, his brother in charge of Jiangdong Ji industry. Sun Quan in accordance with the brother's will, re-Zhou Yu and Zhang Zhao. After a period of contact, than Sun Quan, Sun Ce Zhou Yu felt more valued talent, so long in his heart Lu Su is also wondering how to pull the unit to Sun Quan.
Su, although my heart has decided to go join their ZHENG Bao, but that is related to their own future and destiny, or should we say hello alliance brother Zhou Yu, listening to listen to his views. When Lu Su went to Que, the Zhou Yu Lu Su's mother has brought Wu Jun, Lu Su will follow to Wu Jun, after meeting with his own idea to Zhou Yu.
Zhou Yu said to him: scholars, trying to recruit people in Washington can vary, it is a good master, ah. I also told you a secret, I have heard our ancestors sage once said, to inherit fortunes, instead of Liu's, must revolt from the southeast. You can counting down to square, all the forces in the present in Koto, who won more than Sun Quan? I want to be able to be Tianshun life, achievements of the industry, the emperor, not Sun Quan, who else? Dude, this is such a person is looking for a good master, when ah talent exhibition. I also just realize Zhefan reason, and I hope the man wishes the same, you need not to mind the words of Liu Ziyang. Su-an, that Zhou Yu's words too well, so listen to Zhou Yu's advice, changed his mind, determined to work together to defect to Sun Quan and Zhou Yu.
Zhou Yu Lu Su to get to Sun Quan, and immediately went to see Sun Quan. He Quan said: recommended to go over Chaohu Lisa Cheng, lord if the action slower, he will fly away by. Zhou Yu Lu Su said: , Lu Su put off no longer good, then went along with Sun Quan, Zhou Yu. two people meet, as Laoyouchongfeng general, there is an immediate sense of knowing each other Xiangqi. Sun Quan of Lu Su is very respected, very emotional close. two people sit down and talk, very speculative, often talk about is the one day, but do not feel tired.
One day, Sun Quan procedure together with the civil and military officials, after meeting all gone, can Sun Quan Lu Su confused left alone to drink with dinner, the evening's clothes with the couch. slept until midnight, Sun Quan suddenly get up and sit. He seems to have much to Lu Su said, and it will regardless of Lu Su is Hanshui It woke him.
Su, rubbed his eyes, Sun Quan said: My father, brother and lay the foundation, but also to imagine then the Duke, as Duke Wen of Jin, the achievements of some dominance, but I have not want to know what to do in the end, do not know what a good idea you can teach me? > In fact, Lu Su has long pondered the question, but do not ask Sun Quan, the initiative to say he is not good. Now that the master speaker, he will no scruples, so confidently about some of his strategic vision: want hard recovery, but according to Cao Cao's power to get rid of him could not. For you, the best way is based on the Koto, calmly observe the situation in the world. Now stop the war in northern riding, you can raise an army to wipe Huang Zu, then homeopathy crusade against Liu Biao. along the Yangtze River, from east to west development, the entire Yangtze River basin in their own hands. when the time comes, you will build the country, boarded the Ninth of the statue, and then then unified the world. Perhaps you can achieve the reunification of the Han emperor. Yi Gong, and his mouth again and again: the objective and direction of the struggle.
next day, to thank Lu Su, Lu Su Sun Quan gave generous reward, but also sent to Su, the mother sent clothing, draperies and other items.
some days , Lu Su suddenly remembered one person, so he went to see Sun Quan. He Sun Quan said: Long in the Nanyang. The people take care of filial piety, but also better educated, learned. My lord, he can be brought in to help you do something big business. words are all listening, all from the account, after listening to Lu Su's recommendation, was immediately declared that: teens, when it is young blood, together with him the existence of a swordsman of the gas, which some people he could not understand what that had Zhao. Zhao is a typical scholar, and his discreet , talk, work quite satisfactory, it does not like nature, character, exposed, and do publicity. He said of Sun Quan: do not understand the rules, greatly column column is not modest. The people are still not as good. picky. So he Zhao said laughingly: He painted a policy plan, and sometimes assist in dealing with military affairs, Zhou Yu, and after a few years of life is relatively stable.
thirteen years Jian, Cao Cao personally led a force south. Lashi Jingzhou, Liu Biao died soon, because of his two sons, Liu Qi, Liu Cong not on good terms, and the eldest son Liu Qi and reside outside the office, the real power rests in Jingzhou stepmother Cai Mao Cai and uncle's hands. Liu Bei Liu Biao had asked after the thing though, but the Chua siblings on the death of Liu Biao strict blackout until the Chua siblings Liu Cong surrendered stress Cao Cao, Liu Bei Liu Biao died only learned the news. the face of powerful offensive Cao Cao, Liu Bei outnumbered and had to retreat back. Dangyang a war, defeat Liu Bei is a loss, even small also lost. Jiangxia was straight back before an unchanging heel. At this point can be said that the survival of Liu Bei's critical juncture.
see Liu Bei, Cao Cao back to the river summer, another port in the summer Liu Qi, the number of some concerns in mind. He negotiate with the crowd, said: Xun You said: land to him, the two sides to establish alliances. Sun Quan saw call to arms, compelled by our strong military pressure, it will because of fear and surrender. as a result, the overall situation in southern do not to get out? the Xunyou proposal to send a messenger Chuanxi Soochow side, one side led by eight hundred and thirty thousand troops land and water in hand, almost equal to South.
At this time, Sun Quan was stationed themselves Chaisang, I heard that Cao Cao's army has entered into to Xiangyang, Liu Cong in his mother, uncle of the kidnapped have been surrendered under Cao Cao, Cao progress so rapidly, Bing Feng, Gangneung is almost equal, so quickly discuss how to defend civil and military officials called the question.
Su, suggested to Sun Quan said: , Jingzhou and Wu border, while the flow of the Yangtze River to the north, outside the Yangtze River, Han River, which has Jingshan barrier, it can be said generally solid as iron. together with its fertile land, rich people. If we can occupy it, and that Foundation can be achieved on the basis of the emperor. Now, after the death of Liu Biao, and his two sons are not always harmonious, the military generals are divided into two groups. Liu Bei is the dignity in this figure, forced by Cao Cao, Liu Biao stays at there. Liu Bei Liu Biao as the ability to worry for too strong and he can not reuse. If Liu Bei and Liu Biao to two sons together, stand united, then we should be calm, to form alliance with them; if they are internal contradictions Then we choose another time to eat them, thus completing our cause. My lord, I request you to the summer on behalf of mouth, the two sons of Liu Biao tribute and condolences, but also took the opportunity to Jingzhou Army said in a friendly and powerful figures ; but also a good way to persuade Liu Bei Liu Biao's Department to appease the public, we were all focused exclusively together to deal with Cao Cao. I think Liu Bei will welcome our approach and be acceptable. If I can achieve this idea, then, world affairs can be easier to handle. If we act a little slow, then I'm afraid it will go ahead of us Cao Cao. to Daxia port, Cao Cao's army arrived in Jingzhou, and day and night to move forward. When Nelson arrived Lu Su, Liu Cong have surrendered to Cao Cao, Liu Bei is the way the southern escape in panic, going through the Yangtze River, to flee to South . Lu Su to inquire about the direction of Liu Bei's camp, direct Looking Liu Bei, the two sides finally met when the County's ChangBanPo.
At this time, Liu Bei and Zhuge Liang, Liu Qi three measures is also an urgent consultation. Zhuge Liang proposed: situation. I want to do is foolproof. long-term plans, I'm afraid it is difficult to accommodate us? a situation. Jiangdong just send people here if I come along with a boat ride to the Koto, with my eloquence, will allow the Yugoslav Army forces confronting each other with the North. If you win the Yugoslav Army, and we Together, they deal with Cao Cao, then this a good place to try to get Jingzhou; if the Union Army win, we will take that advantage to cross the river. win South. military counselor's remarks just really high on. just do not know who would be sent here Jiangdong? meet, after meeting with Lu Su bluntly describes the two combined together against Sun Quan Cao hope the meaning, but also analyzed the current situation, that is true for the United Soochow area, no other meaning. Su, Liu Bei asked: think of where to go? . In my opinion, intelligent discussion Krupp General Sun Quan Yan Hui, respected sage, courtesy personnel, people in south of the heroes, all have come back to to him. Jiangdong Counties now have the military elite, forage sufficient enough to dry some big business. I intend for you, not as those who sent henchmen to drain a good relationship in order to seek common development. You said to go to seek refuge Wu Ju, Wu giant who is unremarkable, but also in remote places, sooner or later will have to be annexed, this man is not worthy of you to take refuge. The two sides reached a preliminary alliance. Liu Bei and the meaning according to Lu Su, the county entered into the E Fankou. Zhuge Liang also went to cross the river together with Lu Su Chaisang.
Chaisang back in Lu Su, the Cao Cao just sent a letter sent. The letter said: water, eight hundred thousand troops, want to Eagle, General Wu cursory, fox hunting rabbits, I do not know generals are not interested? Look, one and all of his face was downcast.
Zhang Zhao as the first position the first civil officials, said: the meaning of the court. Therefore, if we are to confront him, it became were correct, the words ring true. Moreover, in my opinion, the generals can be brought against Cao Cao, is that the Yangtze River in this natural barrier. now has possession of Cao Cao Jingzhou, as we have with the topography of the Yangtze River. navy under Liu Biao, size, thousands of vessels, Cao Cao took over after the water along the mercy of the military, shore there is a strong army, can be described as both land and water. In that way the Yangtze River and the natural barrier, we have a shared Cao, and both the size and strength is quite different. So it seems to me we surrender to the. ; do not have any doubts about the lord. If the surrender, then the people can Jiangdong without incident, you can also keep South Counties. Lu Su closely followed. Sun Quan, Lu Su to see the move, knowing he has something to say, so he shook the hand of Lu Su said: only began to speak: strange, and asked: on the Executive to be a gun. If you surrender to Cao Cao, where you can go? on the status of your letters up to a Hou, giving you a horse and cart, horse riding, following several others. You can also south of the said Solitary it? We have just said, actually plan for themselves. You must not listen to it! so you make up your mind to the earlier. exclaimed: forces, and more recently has been Jingzhou Liu Biao's subordinates, his power was really very strong, I'm afraid we could not withstand the ah! Zhuge Jin Zhuge Liang, the brother brought over. For how Cao Cao's strength in the end, you may wish to ask him. hotel to rest it. , and then everyone Procedure. See Ming told him to say: Meets machine and the line, never says the wrong thing. on the one asked to pay tribute. Jiangdong who can not so polite, they see the wise young, feel clever, but the knowledge must not go strong. In order to brake brake Zhuge Liang's power and prestige, made him unable to speak as lobbyists, just Xu Li finished, they swing the Longmen Zhen, playing the wheel of war. before and after Zhao, Yu Fan, step stallion, Xue Cong, Lu Ji, grim, Cheng Bing, who in turn launched an attack, wanted to embarrass the wise, be the last The results are defeated one by one. Later Pseudopleuronectes to come forward and end this war of words be considered.
Huang Gai, Lu Su are the party of the war, those who advocate the surrender of the despised people, so that the debate is just is only a waste of breath, no sense, then quickly left the procedure room with a wise, see Sun Quan.
Although Lu Su Zhuge Liang had that attitude in advance, but Lu Su is still not assured, so once again told Zhuge Liang said: polite, Ming himself down the steps to meet, talk, move all seem polite and restrained. both subject and object finish line of the ceremony, Sun Quan Ming, please sit down. other civil and military officers stood in two rows, Lu Su Ming, standing beside to see how he talk.
This is the first time to see Sun Quan Ming, some carefully looked inevitable. to see Sun Quan blue eyes, purple beard, is indeed a strange appearance, Ming thought, this species are often arrogant nature, the general lobbying hard work, inspired only by attempting to rally the will and confidence, then deliberately exaggerate the strength of Cao Cao, Sun Quan to size up the situation, early surrender, the Sun Quan face became pale with anger, the result is stormed and income.
Su, Ming does not see the word commitment, talking about some other meaning entirely, and my heart could not help but move the gas, so blame the Ming said: generosity of my master, do not blame you in person. What you have said is simply despise me, Master! own way to deal with Cao Cao, the Lu Su was to change attitudes, his face a smile, and turned into Sun Quan after the church went to see.
Lu Su of Sun Quan said: , just to see how your gas. From his words we can see, he has the means to deal with Cao Cao, and just want to ask you to condescend to him. , in order to deal with Cao Cao, I have been wronged then what point, and it will turn anger to joy, and together with Lu Su Ming and came out. First, that the wise man suspected of Italy, and then again after the invitation of hindsight into the Church, hosted a dinner. is is under the good offices of Lu Su, Sun Quan and Liu Bei only cooperation between the turning point. Ming Quan analysis of the actual situation Cao, Cao pointed out the weaknesses that the Sun, Liu joined hands to defeat Cao Cao is entirely possible. Sun Quan This statement Ming heard talk, feel more confident when facing the Ming said that he had determined to join hands with Liu Bei, Cao plans to jointly break, and Lu Su to the civil and military ministers to declare his attitude of anti-Cao, Lu Su Ming letting escorted back to the hotel resting.
hands of civil officials to Sun Quan and his generals thought not consistent with the face of Cao Cao's million troops, most people are pessimistic, think that this was no time to fight against Cao Cao different from ������ʯͷ, and therefore are Yili advocate surrender, among which the most prominent civil officials in the first Zhao.
eighth chapter: Lu Su words: strategic vision and the gentleman (b)
Zhao heard Sun Quan Ming's words and ideas for use of force against Cao, could not help but impatient of. Sun Quan came out, he would meet her and said: You think, at this time Cao Cao Liu Bei was forced to a retreat passed on, and even a place to stand almost gone. Ming wants you to join hands with Liu Bei, Liu Bei that point the power can be can do! is not want you to Liu Bei Huozhongquli for He won breathing space! My lord, you think again, even if we two together, and that the results of what can? Yuan Shao as powerful, not to be Cao Cao still eat it? had Yuan, Cao confrontation, the Yuan strong and weak Cao , Cao Cao will be lost no one that can result is a clean defeated Yuan Shao. Cao Cao now compared with the original, has been quite different. He has a million of the public, but also land and water in hand. Jiangdong this alone, point of troops, would like to save Liu Bei, it is like holding dry wood to fire it! finished, Gu Yong added: listen to the words of Zhang cloth it. while, will have to exit.
Lu Su was also present, see Sun Quan did not talk, he also feel uncomfortable talking about, but really do not worry, such as Zhang Zhao, who then left, he will follow after Sun Quan into Church. see no one else was present, he bluntly on Sun Quan said: his own plan Bale. You may not ten million!. My lord ah, you must not hesitate; Otherwise, you will be Zhao et al harm! You let me think about it! like this, see Sun Quan, Sun Quan will inevitably ask: south. I Wenguanwujiang we discuss how to deal with the result that some advocate surrender, and some advocates armed confrontation, the two diametrically opposed views. In the face of this situation, I really Fannan: fight Well, another worry for outnumbered; to surrender Well, I'm afraid not tolerate Cao Cao. so it could not decide. exhortations? She had quoted the words of your brother is dying: an internal matter of decision if not, you can ask Zhao; decision if external events can not, you can consult Zhou Yu. That being the case, why do not you invited to Zhou Yu, and asked asked his opinion? ! navy, army combat water, how will directly determine the outcome of both sides, he personally went to the Poyang Lake, the water of Soochow rigorous and systematic military training. However, he forces the water while training, while also always concerned about the overall situation. I heard Cao Cao rate of force to move south, the annexation of southern great meaning, he estimated that the civil and military officials Soochow face this situation is bound to have differences of opinion, and he will train the military to do a little account of the water immediately start back Chaisang. So Sun Quan messenger has not yet sent off, he has first had.
because of his friendship with Lu Su's deepest, and he first went to Lu Su. two people we met, Lu Su side immediately to the detailed description of Zhou Yu and expressed his anxiety. Zhou Yu tried to comfort him: . Zhou Yu Zhuge Liang came to the same. Zhou Yu considered Zhuge Liang is a guest to the reception area was very polite. resourcefulness can be of two people who are, after all, a little bit subconsciously Doudou wisdom, rather than a clean breast of his ideas at once. until Zhuge Liang intentionally willing to respect that as long as the Koto II Joe sent out to resolve the war, once the shock was Qiqiaoshengyan Zhou Yu, Zhou Yu Cao This shows that their anti-military ideas. and then three the next day to discuss how to persuade with Sun Quan.
In the proceedings of the meeting the next day, Zhou Yu Zhao, who refuted the capitulation views, also the detailed analysis of the two sides of Sun Quan situation, especially that this use of troops south of Cao Cao made a bogey four military strategists firmly demonstrated the confidence to defeat Cao Cao, Sun Quan on the force so that there is enough confidence in the anti-Cao.
Then Sun Quan will be appointed as the viceroy, Zhou Yu, Cheng Pu as deputy military governor, Lu Su is like Army Captain, requisition thirty thousand troops, in conjunction with Liu Bei, Cao launch a decisive battle with the Red Cliff.
as Zhou Yu by discord among the water to get rid of the military forces of North captaincy Cai Mao and Zhang Yun, Cao Cao Youyi desperate measure deceive the trust, to be Zha Jiang Huang Gai, Cao Cao to close navy, and then southeast through a rare winter wind, fire Cao, and ultimately achieve victory in the Battle of Red Cliff to play ...
the eighth chapter: Lu Su words: strategic vision and the gentleman (a)
Lu Su, word Zijing, Anhui, who will be far. A young age that my father passed away, followed her grandmother to live with . He is a local well-off family, Guang their land. Lu Su was tall and burly, had a habit of making friends, and his generous, as long as people speak to him, he would generously agreed to the request of the other party, money to money to pay for food. he do not like to manage the family property, household chores, but as one to learn fencing, riding and shooting. the face of chaos of the situation, he often thought how to deal with. He called the local conscious young people, with learning horse riding, archery, teaching them art of war, war, with the way the military drills. In order to remove the worry of these people, who provide free food and clothing to these people, even at the sale of land and properties. He also frequently the local poverty relief people, give them money to send rice, Songyisongyao. Therefore, he is very popular in the East area. However, the Lu family elders did not understand him, and said he was a spendthrift, and often lamented that: such a crazy guy, alas, will inevitably have to decline Lu go home ah! fun, life is also very thrifty, not the pursuit of material things. running the army strict military discipline purges, curried. He also enjoys reading, even if war march, as long as a little gap, we must seize the time to read. Because of this, so he good conversation, the article is also well written, very far-sighted thinking can be said with the wisdom beyond the ordinary.
Zhou Yu was made governor in Juchao. He had heard that Lu Su is very generous man, as famine, severe food shortages, he try holding the psychological, with several hundred people to visit Lu Su. the way open for grain to Lu Su. then Lu Su rice at home with two warehouses, each warehouse thousand Gok. Zhou Yu and his openings for grain, he has not even frown on his brow, very simply to be pointing to, put the rice gave Zhou a warehouse. see Lu Su is so generous, Zhou Yu was deeply moved and troubled times, such people think too hard to find , and so he proposed to and Lu Su sworn brothers. Lu Su, a, happy Yipaitaitui, said: the surname brother. Lu Su Zhou big two, called the brother of Zhou Yu.
time, Yuan Shu, Sun Ce and Zhou Yu are still the men. Yuan Shu from Sun Ce, Zhou Yu, Lu Su mouth that after these things, but also that This is a rare figure, so he made the appointment of Su, the Executive of the local Lower East Side. may not like Lu Su Yuan Shu, Yuan Shu, he felt rude to the person present law, ambitious, but Zhidacaishu, National Cheng Kung University feels that this industry is difficult, so and then decided to lead his people and trained by a team of his own to leave the East Side, went to Yu Ju Chao to defect to. just have to cross the river to the Que to see Zhou Yu Sun Ce, then start with two people. to the Que After the warm welcome by Sun Ce, Lu Su will home in Que.
Soon, his grandmother passed away. Su, this was a dutiful son, but also single-handedly brought up by her grandmother, and therefore special grandmother filial piety. for the death of his grandmother, his grief Nan Yi, crying a few games, then follow the traditional practices grandmother's coffin will be buried back East.
Yellow Turban Rebellion broke out, the Central Plains chaos, tyrannical forces have them. LU Su bring disaster sooner or later realize that this spread to Huainan, and he said his men: fertile land, rich people, is a good place Duobizhanluan. you are willing to follow me to the drain to avoid this war, observing the current situation change? Lu Su to Lu's family and his staff team compiled a total of three hundred people. He let go in front of old and sick, physically strong person to go in the back. Lu Su told the local authorities to run with gang and feel a hurt to their face, to send cavalry to catch up. Lu Su to see from behind, and not in a hurry, still leisurely along. However, he also prepared to make a war at any time, for those who Jingzhuang man or shields, or pull full bow. He who from behind said: , if we do not go, it is not so die? Kukuxiangbi why do you? wear. pursuers only makes sense that Lu Su said, they feel that Lu Su martial arts great, by they are unable to deal with, so do not rush, and turned back.
Su, finally led three hundred people, crossed the Yangtze River, came to the Que, and then went to see Sun Ce. Sun Ce Lu Su heard the narrative, but also this person may not feel Lu Su.
Lu Su in Huainan has a very good friend called Liu Ziyang, the talent he admired Lu Su, Lu Su would like to find a good master to their ambitions, so he sent a letter sent to Lu Su. The letter said: heroes are taking advantage of the sky. man is a man of great military and political, particularly suited to today's mess. I hope you pick out the mother as soon as possible, do not stay idle East. I asked to be a Lisa Cheng of Chaohu , he has several million men, that area has fertile land, is a land of plenty, so Lujiang people have defected to him. According to my observation, the future of this man knows no bounds. missed, man, right decision quickly. the Liu Ziyang's letter, Lu Su also said that a good friend, I agreed down. He disposed of after the grandmother's funeral, returned to Que, ready to go north with his mother to seek refuge with Lisa Cheng.
in this before the sudden death of Sun Ce, Sun Quan succeeded his brother, his brother in charge of Jiangdong Ji industry. Sun Quan in accordance with the brother's will, re-Zhou Yu and Zhang Zhao. After a period of contact, than Sun Quan, Sun Ce Zhou Yu felt more valued talent, so long in his heart Lu Su is also wondering how to pull the unit to Sun Quan.
Su, although my heart has decided to go join their ZHENG Bao, but that is related to their own future and destiny, or should we say hello alliance brother Zhou Yu, listening to listen to his views. When Lu Su went to Que, the Zhou Yu Lu Su's mother has brought Wu Jun, Lu Su will follow to Wu Jun, after meeting with his own idea to Zhou Yu.
Zhou Yu said to him: scholars, trying to recruit people in Washington can vary, it is a good master, ah. I also told you a secret, I have heard our ancestors sage once said, to inherit fortunes, instead of Liu's, must revolt from the southeast. You can counting down to square, all the forces in the present in Koto, who won more than Sun Quan? I want to be able to be Tianshun life, achievements of the industry, the emperor, not Sun Quan, who else? Dude, this is such a person is looking for a good master, when ah talent exhibition. I also just realize Zhefan reason, and I hope the man wishes the same, you need not to mind the words of Liu Ziyang. Su-an, that Zhou Yu's words too well, so listen to Zhou Yu's advice, changed his mind, determined to work together to defect to Sun Quan and Zhou Yu.
Zhou Yu Lu Su to get to Sun Quan, and immediately went to see Sun Quan. He Quan said: recommended to go over Chaohu Lisa Cheng, lord if the action slower, he will fly away by. Zhou Yu Lu Su said: , Lu Su put off no longer good, then went along with Sun Quan, Zhou Yu. two people meet, as Laoyouchongfeng general, there is an immediate sense of knowing each other Xiangqi. Sun Quan of Lu Su is very respected, very emotional close. two people sit down and talk, very speculative, often talk about is the one day, but do not feel tired.
One day, Sun Quan procedure together with the civil and military officials, after meeting all gone, can Sun Quan Lu Su confused left alone to drink with dinner, the evening's clothes with the couch. slept until midnight, Sun Quan suddenly get up and sit. He seems to have much to Lu Su said, and it will regardless of Lu Su is Hanshui It woke him.
Su, rubbed his eyes, Sun Quan said: My father, brother and lay the foundation, but also to imagine then the Duke, as Duke Wen of Jin, the achievements of some dominance, but I have not want to know what to do in the end, do not know what a good idea you can teach me? > In fact, Lu Su has long pondered the question, but do not ask Sun Quan, the initiative to say he is not good. Now that the master speaker, he will no scruples, so confidently about some of his strategic vision: want hard recovery, but according to Cao Cao's power to get rid of him could not. For you, the best way is based on the Koto, calmly observe the situation in the world. Now stop the war in northern riding, you can raise an army to wipe Huang Zu, then homeopathy crusade against Liu Biao. along the Yangtze River, from east to west development, the entire Yangtze River basin in their own hands. when the time comes, you will build the country, boarded the Ninth of the statue, and then then unified the world. Perhaps you can achieve the reunification of the Han emperor. Yi Gong, and his mouth again and again: the objective and direction of the struggle.
next day, to thank Lu Su, Lu Su Sun Quan gave generous reward, but also sent to Su, the mother sent clothing, draperies and other items.
some days , Lu Su suddenly remembered one person, so he went to see Sun Quan. He Sun Quan said: Long in the Nanyang. The people take care of filial piety, but also better educated, learned. My lord, he can be brought in to help you do something big business. words are all listening, all from the account, after listening to Lu Su's recommendation, was immediately declared that: teens, when it is young blood, together with him the existence of a swordsman of the gas, which some people he could not understand what that had Zhao. Zhao is a typical scholar, and his discreet , talk, work quite satisfactory, it does not like nature, character, exposed, and do publicity. He said of Sun Quan: do not understand the rules, greatly column column is not modest. The people are still not as good. picky. So he Zhao said laughingly: He painted a policy plan, and sometimes assist in dealing with military affairs, Zhou Yu, and after a few years of life is relatively stable.
thirteen years Jian, Cao Cao personally led a force south. Lashi Jingzhou, Liu Biao died soon, because of his two sons, Liu Qi, Liu Cong not on good terms, and the eldest son Liu Qi and reside outside the office, the real power rests in Jingzhou stepmother Cai Mao Cai and uncle's hands. Liu Bei Liu Biao had asked after the thing though, but the Chua siblings on the death of Liu Biao strict blackout until the Chua siblings Liu Cong surrendered stress Cao Cao, Liu Bei Liu Biao died only learned the news. the face of powerful offensive Cao Cao, Liu Bei outnumbered and had to retreat back. Dangyang a war, defeat Liu Bei is a loss, even small also lost. Jiangxia was straight back before an unchanging heel. At this point can be said that the survival of Liu Bei's critical juncture.
see Liu Bei, Cao Cao back to the river summer, another port in the summer Liu Qi, the number of some concerns in mind. He negotiate with the crowd, said: Xun You said: land to him, the two sides to establish alliances. Sun Quan saw call to arms, compelled by our strong military pressure, it will because of fear and surrender. as a result, the overall situation in southern do not to get out? the Xunyou proposal to send a messenger Chuanxi Soochow side, one side led by eight hundred and thirty thousand troops land and water in hand, almost equal to South.
At this time, Sun Quan was stationed themselves Chaisang, I heard that Cao Cao's army has entered into to Xiangyang, Liu Cong in his mother, uncle of the kidnapped have been surrendered under Cao Cao, Cao progress so rapidly, Bing Feng, Gangneung is almost equal, so quickly discuss how to defend civil and military officials called the question.
Su, suggested to Sun Quan said: , Jingzhou and Wu border, while the flow of the Yangtze River to the north, outside the Yangtze River, Han River, which has Jingshan barrier, it can be said generally solid as iron. together with its fertile land, rich people. If we can occupy it, and that Foundation can be achieved on the basis of the emperor. Now, after the death of Liu Biao, and his two sons are not always harmonious, the military generals are divided into two groups. Liu Bei is the dignity in this figure, forced by Cao Cao, Liu Biao stays at there. Liu Bei Liu Biao as the ability to worry for too strong and he can not reuse. If Liu Bei and Liu Biao to two sons together, stand united, then we should be calm, to form alliance with them; if they are internal contradictions Then we choose another time to eat them, thus completing our cause. My lord, I request you to the summer on behalf of mouth, the two sons of Liu Biao tribute and condolences, but also took the opportunity to Jingzhou Army said in a friendly and powerful figures ; but also a good way to persuade Liu Bei Liu Biao's Department to appease the public, we were all focused exclusively together to deal with Cao Cao. I think Liu Bei will welcome our approach and be acceptable. If I can achieve this idea, then, world affairs can be easier to handle. If we act a little slow, then I'm afraid it will go ahead of us Cao Cao. to Daxia port, Cao Cao's army arrived in Jingzhou, and day and night to move forward. When Nelson arrived Lu Su, Liu Cong have surrendered to Cao Cao, Liu Bei is the way the southern escape in panic, going through the Yangtze River, to flee to South . Lu Su to inquire about the direction of Liu Bei's camp, direct Looking Liu Bei, the two sides finally met when the County's ChangBanPo.
At this time, Liu Bei and Zhuge Liang, Liu Qi three measures is also an urgent consultation. Zhuge Liang proposed: situation. I want to do is foolproof. long-term plans, I'm afraid it is difficult to accommodate us? a situation. Jiangdong just send people here if I come along with a boat ride to the Koto, with my eloquence, will allow the Yugoslav Army forces confronting each other with the North. If you win the Yugoslav Army, and we Together, they deal with Cao Cao, then this a good place to try to get Jingzhou; if the Union Army win, we will take that advantage to cross the river. win South. military counselor's remarks just really high on. just do not know who would be sent here Jiangdong? meet, after meeting with Lu Su bluntly describes the two combined together against Sun Quan Cao hope the meaning, but also analyzed the current situation, that is true for the United Soochow area, no other meaning. Su, Liu Bei asked: think of where to go? . In my opinion, intelligent discussion Krupp General Sun Quan Yan Hui, respected sage, courtesy personnel, people in south of the heroes, all have come back to to him. Jiangdong Counties now have the military elite, forage sufficient enough to dry some big business. I intend for you, not as those who sent henchmen to drain a good relationship in order to seek common development. You said to go to seek refuge Wu Ju, Wu giant who is unremarkable, but also in remote places, sooner or later will have to be annexed, this man is not worthy of you to take refuge. The two sides reached a preliminary alliance. Liu Bei and the meaning according to Lu Su, the county entered into the E Fankou. Zhuge Liang also went to cross the river together with Lu Su Chaisang.
Chaisang back in Lu Su, the Cao Cao just sent a letter sent. The letter said: water, eight hundred thousand troops, want to Eagle, General Wu cursory, fox hunting rabbits, I do not know generals are not interested? Look, one and all of his face was downcast.
Zhang Zhao as the first position the first civil officials, said: the meaning of the court. Therefore, if we are to confront him, it became were correct, the words ring true. Moreover, in my opinion, the generals can be brought against Cao Cao, is that the Yangtze River in this natural barrier. now has possession of Cao Cao Jingzhou, as we have with the topography of the Yangtze River. navy under Liu Biao, size, thousands of vessels, Cao Cao took over after the water along the mercy of the military, shore there is a strong army, can be described as both land and water. In that way the Yangtze River and the natural barrier, we have a shared Cao, and both the size and strength is quite different. So it seems to me we surrender to the. ; do not have any doubts about the lord. If the surrender, then the people can Jiangdong without incident, you can also keep South Counties. Lu Su closely followed. Sun Quan, Lu Su to see the move, knowing he has something to say, so he shook the hand of Lu Su said: only began to speak: strange, and asked: on the Executive to be a gun. If you surrender to Cao Cao, where you can go? on the status of your letters up to a Hou, giving you a horse and cart, horse riding, following several others. You can also south of the said Solitary it? We have just said, actually plan for themselves. You must not listen to it! so you make up your mind to the earlier. exclaimed: forces, and more recently has been Jingzhou Liu Biao's subordinates, his power was really very strong, I'm afraid we could not withstand the ah! Zhuge Jin Zhuge Liang, the brother brought over. For how Cao Cao's strength in the end, you may wish to ask him. hotel to rest it. , and then everyone Procedure. See Ming told him to say: Meets machine and the line, never says the wrong thing. on the one asked to pay tribute. Jiangdong who can not so polite, they see the wise young, feel clever, but the knowledge must not go strong. In order to brake brake Zhuge Liang's power and prestige, made him unable to speak as lobbyists, just Xu Li finished, they swing the Longmen Zhen, playing the wheel of war. before and after Zhao, Yu Fan, step stallion, Xue Cong, Lu Ji, grim, Cheng Bing, who in turn launched an attack, wanted to embarrass the wise, be the last The results are defeated one by one. Later Pseudopleuronectes to come forward and end this war of words be considered.
Huang Gai, Lu Su are the party of the war, those who advocate the surrender of the despised people, so that the debate is just is only a waste of breath, no sense, then quickly left the procedure room with a wise, see Sun Quan.
Although Lu Su Zhuge Liang had that attitude in advance, but Lu Su is still not assured, so once again told Zhuge Liang said: polite, Ming himself down the steps to meet, talk, move all seem polite and restrained. both subject and object finish line of the ceremony, Sun Quan Ming, please sit down. other civil and military officers stood in two rows, Lu Su Ming, standing beside to see how he talk.
This is the first time to see Sun Quan Ming, some carefully looked inevitable. to see Sun Quan blue eyes, purple beard, is indeed a strange appearance, Ming thought, this species are often arrogant nature, the general lobbying hard work, inspired only by attempting to rally the will and confidence, then deliberately exaggerate the strength of Cao Cao, Sun Quan to size up the situation, early surrender, the Sun Quan face became pale with anger, the result is stormed and income.
Su, Ming does not see the word commitment, talking about some other meaning entirely, and my heart could not help but move the gas, so blame the Ming said: generosity of my master, do not blame you in person. What you have said is simply despise me, Master! own way to deal with Cao Cao, the Lu Su was to change attitudes, his face a smile, and turned into Sun Quan after the church went to see.
Lu Su of Sun Quan said: , just to see how your gas. From his words we can see, he has the means to deal with Cao Cao, and just want to ask you to condescend to him. , in order to deal with Cao Cao, I have been wronged then what point, and it will turn anger to joy, and together with Lu Su Ming and came out. First, that the wise man suspected of Italy, and then again after the invitation of hindsight into the Church, hosted a dinner. is is under the good offices of Lu Su, Sun Quan and Liu Bei only cooperation between the turning point. Ming Quan analysis of the actual situation Cao, Cao pointed out the weaknesses that the Sun, Liu joined hands to defeat Cao Cao is entirely possible. Sun Quan This statement Ming heard talk, feel more confident when facing the Ming said that he had determined to join hands with Liu Bei, Cao plans to jointly break, and Lu Su to the civil and military ministers to declare his attitude of anti-Cao, Lu Su Ming letting escorted back to the hotel resting.
hands of civil officials to Sun Quan and his generals thought not consistent with the face of Cao Cao's million troops, most people are pessimistic, think that this was no time to fight against Cao Cao different from ������ʯͷ, and therefore are Yili advocate surrender, among which the most prominent civil officials in the first Zhao.
eighth chapter: Lu Su words: strategic vision and the gentleman (b)
Zhao heard Sun Quan Ming's words and ideas for use of force against Cao, could not help but impatient of. Sun Quan came out, he would meet her and said: You think, at this time Cao Cao Liu Bei was forced to a retreat passed on, and even a place to stand almost gone. Ming wants you to join hands with Liu Bei, Liu Bei that point the power can be can do! is not want you to Liu Bei Huozhongquli for He won breathing space! My lord, you think again, even if we two together, and that the results of what can? Yuan Shao as powerful, not to be Cao Cao still eat it? had Yuan, Cao confrontation, the Yuan strong and weak Cao , Cao Cao will be lost no one that can result is a clean defeated Yuan Shao. Cao Cao now compared with the original, has been quite different. He has a million of the public, but also land and water in hand. Jiangdong this alone, point of troops, would like to save Liu Bei, it is like holding dry wood to fire it! finished, Gu Yong added: listen to the words of Zhang cloth it. while, will have to exit.
Lu Su was also present, see Sun Quan did not talk, he also feel uncomfortable talking about, but really do not worry, such as Zhang Zhao, who then left, he will follow after Sun Quan into Church. see no one else was present, he bluntly on Sun Quan said: his own plan Bale. You may not ten million!. My lord ah, you must not hesitate; Otherwise, you will be Zhao et al harm! You let me think about it! like this, see Sun Quan, Sun Quan will inevitably ask: south. I Wenguanwujiang we discuss how to deal with the result that some advocate surrender, and some advocates armed confrontation, the two diametrically opposed views. In the face of this situation, I really Fannan: fight Well, another worry for outnumbered; to surrender Well, I'm afraid not tolerate Cao Cao. so it could not decide. exhortations? She had quoted the words of your brother is dying: an internal matter of decision if not, you can ask Zhao; decision if external events can not, you can consult Zhou Yu. That being the case, why do not you invited to Zhou Yu, and asked asked his opinion? ! navy, army combat water, how will directly determine the outcome of both sides, he personally went to the Poyang Lake, the water of Soochow rigorous and systematic military training. However, he forces the water while training, while also always concerned about the overall situation. I heard Cao Cao rate of force to move south, the annexation of southern great meaning, he estimated that the civil and military officials Soochow face this situation is bound to have differences of opinion, and he will train the military to do a little account of the water immediately start back Chaisang. So Sun Quan messenger has not yet sent off, he has first had.
because of his friendship with Lu Su's deepest, and he first went to Lu Su. two people we met, Lu Su side immediately to the detailed description of Zhou Yu and expressed his anxiety. Zhou Yu tried to comfort him: . Zhou Yu Zhuge Liang came to the same. Zhou Yu considered Zhuge Liang is a guest to the reception area was very polite. resourcefulness can be of two people who are, after all, a little bit subconsciously Doudou wisdom, rather than a clean breast of his ideas at once. until Zhuge Liang intentionally willing to respect that as long as the Koto II Joe sent out to resolve the war, once the shock was Qiqiaoshengyan Zhou Yu, Zhou Yu Cao This shows that their anti-military ideas. and then three the next day to discuss how to persuade with Sun Quan.
In the proceedings of the meeting the next day, Zhou Yu Zhao, who refuted the capitulation views, also the detailed analysis of the two sides of Sun Quan situation, especially that this use of troops south of Cao Cao made a bogey four military strategists firmly demonstrated the confidence to defeat Cao Cao, Sun Quan on the force so that there is enough confidence in the anti-Cao.
Then Sun Quan will be appointed as the viceroy, Zhou Yu, Cheng Pu as deputy military governor, Lu Su is like Army Captain, requisition thirty thousand troops, in conjunction with Liu Bei, Cao launch a decisive battle with the Red Cliff.
as Zhou Yu by discord among the water to get rid of the military forces of North captaincy Cai Mao and Zhang Yun, Cao Cao Youyi desperate measure deceive the trust, to be Zha Jiang Huang Gai, Cao Cao to close navy, and then southeast through a rare winter wind, fire Cao, and ultimately achieve victory in the Battle of Red Cliff to play ...
Wednesday, December 22, 2010
Olympics come to the (c)
August 14th fine weather, the mood was clear and sunny smile.
Mm without the coronation of King Yang Wei Yang Wei took
man all-around gymnastics champion. To get the title, he did a few cute expression, but does not look familiar. In my impression, he seemed to have been introverted, less words. He is not so free and easy movement Li Xiaopeng, Chen Yibing is also so handsome, rarely catches the attention. He was always a quiet person to race, very quiet, sat. which makes him look some outliers and loneliness.
said that Yang has had a second millennium of the nickname, to put it is that he always took second in the race. But This time is different, he got the gold medal, take off the hat that people can not smile. down the playing field, facing the camera, said Yang Wei, I am NO 1, that feeling is, once they stand proud of the millennium, like serfs. also No wonder, the power savings for so long, so long waiting for the moment. This wanton expression and Liu then said, tolerance. Of course, such publicity is clearly not used to Yang, with a little publicity of his shyness. But What does it matter?
Sautin mm well-deserved star
beautiful thing to see today's stars, of course, men's three-meter springboard silver medalist mm veteran Sautin. from the 1992 Barcelona Olympics, this is the fifth Olympic Games Sautin participated. Sautin said 34-year-old, I went through the era Xiong Ni, Tian Liang Hu Jia era, ushered in the teenager now. This is not a joke, but a veteran's insistence. well, since the time from Xiong Ni, Sautin has been a rival Chinese team.
as the world's diving community A legend in his diving career, won eight Olympic medals, including two Olympic gold medals In 1996, the only Chinese team changed hands on the vesting Sautin gold medal in 1998 World Championship He is also the great advantage to Tian Liang took it on board the Sydney 2000 Olympic Games, he and his teammates lure applicants with the beat Tian Liang and Hu Jia won the men's 10m platform Olympic gold medal; the last century, 90 years, the Chinese team in international competitions throw Most of all gold owned by Sautin. that Tian Liang in a long time, has been put beyond Sautin as its goal.
course, today's Sautin has not compared his heyday. a lot of difficult action, he has to be inadequate. because of the difficulty can not go up, so he's a bit from the score is low. But he was perfect on its own technology, to get a silver medal in the Olympic Games. after the game he said, I am confident that beat rival China, as I will not have Yaosuanbeiteng. But now, silver has been very exciting. .
Du mm beauty of a butterfly
today for Du Li, it should be a thrilling and happy. In today's women's rifle three position in, Du Li won the gold medal victory over old rival Emmons . This victory for the loss of the first day of Olympic gold Du Li, the very timely and easy at all. She stood on the podium, tears. seems significantly higher than the first day of the Olympics many emaciated. No one knows this four days, how she came, but it is no longer important, it is important that she came over. stand at this podium today, is the most successful outcome.
persist, persist, persist, everything is possible, it is perhaps the charm of the Olympics.
Yao mm
perfect performance won the Chinese Basketball 85m68 Angola, ushered in the first group stage victory. The victory is almost perfect. Angola inside is simply not for Yao deterrent. Yao Ming scored a game-most 30 points, contributed 7 rebounds 3 assists and 4 blocks, the achievements of a perfect performance. Sun Yue said that our dream is to win a medal. This is just a beginning, but in the end men's basketball can go far, the pace of how far away from their dreams, we can only wait for time to solve the mystery.
Mm without the coronation of King Yang Wei Yang Wei took
man all-around gymnastics champion. To get the title, he did a few cute expression, but does not look familiar. In my impression, he seemed to have been introverted, less words. He is not so free and easy movement Li Xiaopeng, Chen Yibing is also so handsome, rarely catches the attention. He was always a quiet person to race, very quiet, sat. which makes him look some outliers and loneliness.
said that Yang has had a second millennium of the nickname, to put it is that he always took second in the race. But This time is different, he got the gold medal, take off the hat that people can not smile. down the playing field, facing the camera, said Yang Wei, I am NO 1, that feeling is, once they stand proud of the millennium, like serfs. also No wonder, the power savings for so long, so long waiting for the moment. This wanton expression and Liu then said, tolerance. Of course, such publicity is clearly not used to Yang, with a little publicity of his shyness. But What does it matter?
Sautin mm well-deserved star
beautiful thing to see today's stars, of course, men's three-meter springboard silver medalist mm veteran Sautin. from the 1992 Barcelona Olympics, this is the fifth Olympic Games Sautin participated. Sautin said 34-year-old, I went through the era Xiong Ni, Tian Liang Hu Jia era, ushered in the teenager now. This is not a joke, but a veteran's insistence. well, since the time from Xiong Ni, Sautin has been a rival Chinese team.
as the world's diving community A legend in his diving career, won eight Olympic medals, including two Olympic gold medals In 1996, the only Chinese team changed hands on the vesting Sautin gold medal in 1998 World Championship He is also the great advantage to Tian Liang took it on board the Sydney 2000 Olympic Games, he and his teammates lure applicants with the beat Tian Liang and Hu Jia won the men's 10m platform Olympic gold medal; the last century, 90 years, the Chinese team in international competitions throw Most of all gold owned by Sautin. that Tian Liang in a long time, has been put beyond Sautin as its goal.
course, today's Sautin has not compared his heyday. a lot of difficult action, he has to be inadequate. because of the difficulty can not go up, so he's a bit from the score is low. But he was perfect on its own technology, to get a silver medal in the Olympic Games. after the game he said, I am confident that beat rival China, as I will not have Yaosuanbeiteng. But now, silver has been very exciting. .
Du mm beauty of a butterfly
today for Du Li, it should be a thrilling and happy. In today's women's rifle three position in, Du Li won the gold medal victory over old rival Emmons . This victory for the loss of the first day of Olympic gold Du Li, the very timely and easy at all. She stood on the podium, tears. seems significantly higher than the first day of the Olympics many emaciated. No one knows this four days, how she came, but it is no longer important, it is important that she came over. stand at this podium today, is the most successful outcome.
persist, persist, persist, everything is possible, it is perhaps the charm of the Olympics.
Yao mm
perfect performance won the Chinese Basketball 85m68 Angola, ushered in the first group stage victory. The victory is almost perfect. Angola inside is simply not for Yao deterrent. Yao Ming scored a game-most 30 points, contributed 7 rebounds 3 assists and 4 blocks, the achievements of a perfect performance. Sun Yue said that our dream is to win a medal. This is just a beginning, but in the end men's basketball can go far, the pace of how far away from their dreams, we can only wait for time to solve the mystery.
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